The individual effects of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) on health are well-recognized. However, little is known about the extent to which different combinations of these behaviors are associated with body composition and fall risk in older adults. This cross-sectional study examined the associations of mutually exclusive categories of PA and SB with body composition and fall risk in older women. Accelerometer-measured PA, body composition and fall risk (static and dynamic balance) parameters were assessed among 94 community-dwelling older women. The participants were categorized into four groups: active-low sedentary, active-high sedentary, inactive-low sedentary and inactive-high sedentary (active: ≥150 min/week moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA); low sedentary: lowest tertile of SB and light PA ratio). Compared to the inactive-high sedentary group, more favorable body composition and dynamic balance results were found in the active-low sedentary (body fat mass index (BFMI): = -4.37, = 0.002; skeletal muscle mass index (SMI): = 1.23, = 0.017; appendicular lean mass index (ALMI): = 1.89, = 0.003; appendicular fat mass index (AFMI): = -2.19, = 0.003; sit-to-stand: = 4.52, = 0.014) and inactive-low sedentary (BFMI: = -3.14, = 0.007; SMI: = 1.05, = 0.014; AFMI: = -1.74, = 0.005, sit-to-stand: = 3.28, = 0.034) groups. Our results suggest that PA programs focusing on concurrently achieving sufficient MVPA and reduced SB might promote a healthy body composition and reduced fall risk among older adults.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043595 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Biology, School of Health Sciences, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Background: Despite the comparatively high prevalence of possible sarcopenia among young-old adults in the community, there is currently no available and effective social media-based intervention to increase the awareness and change the behavior of the target population to prevent sarcopenia. Using co-design methodology, we developed a multicomponent intervention strategy of health education and exercise for sarcopenia prevention utilizing the TikTok platform.
Objectives: The primary purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the social media-based intervention to enhance muscle function in community-dwelling young-old adults with possible sarcopenia.
Eur J Nutr
January 2025
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17237, Athens, Greece.
Purpose: Protein supplementation has been proposed as an effective dietary strategy for maintaining or increasing skeletal muscle mass and improving physical performance in middle-aged and older adults. Diabetes mellitus exacerbates muscle mass loss, leading to many older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experiencing sarcopenia, and vice versa. Our objective was to assess the impact of increased dietary protein intake on muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and the progression of T2DM in middle-aged and older adults diagnosed with this condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Background: Research into Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathomechanisms frequently utilizes animal models with dominant mutations; however, the vast majority (>95%) of AD cases are idiopathic. Animal models with AD risk factors represent an approach with potentially greater translational validity. The predominant genetic risk factor for AD is the Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) polymorphism, with APOE4 homozygosity conferring approximately 15-fold higher risk relative to the normative APOE3/3 genotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Biobank for Aging Studies of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Previous studies suggest an association between Alzheimer's disease and carotid artery atherosclerosis. However, the association between atherosclerotic carotid plaque composition and Alzheimer's disease pathology (neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles) has not been explored yet.
Method: Carotid arteries were dissected and the segments with the largest obstruction in the carotid bifurcation, and the common and internal carotid arteries were obtained.
Nutr Rev
January 2025
Dieta, Salud Planetaria y Rendimiento, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
Context: Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder. Diet may be a factor to consider because measures of diet quality have been linked to both frequency and severity of attacks.
Objectives: To investigate the effects of dietary interventions on the clinical symptoms of migraine, quality of life, and body composition of patients with migraine.
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