AI Article Synopsis
- Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has a low 5-year survival rate of about 14%, and unlike early-stage colorectal cancer, it cannot be completely cured due to resistant cancer cells.
- Recent research is aimed at understanding the molecular processes behind CRC metastasis, including factors like genetic mutations, metastasis-initiating cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the tumor microenvironment.
- The review also covers existing treatments for mCRC, ongoing clinical trials, and new preclinical studies targeting treatment-resistant mCRC.
Article Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains a lethal disease with an approximately 14% 5-year survival rate. While early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) can be cured by surgery with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, mCRC cannot be eradicated due to a large burden of disseminated cancer cells comprising therapy-resistant metastasis-competent cells. To address this gap, recent studies have focused on further elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal metastasis and recognizing the limitations of available therapeutic interventions. In this review, we discuss newfound factors that regulate CRC cell dissemination and colonization of distant organs, such as genetic mutations, identification of metastasis-initiating cells (MICs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the tumor microenvironment (TME). We also review current treatments for mCRC, therapeutic regimens undergoing clinical trials, and trending preclinical studies being investigated to target treatment-resistant mCRC.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10365888 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2023.01.003 | DOI Listing |
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