•Penal and healthcare institutions generate and mitigate community-level health inequality, respectively.•Arkansas Counties with high prison churn and disadvantage have higher rates of HIV/AIDS.•Hospital density moderates effect of prison churn on incidence of HIV/AIDS.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9941376PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101355DOI Listing

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