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"This Is a Quiz" Premise Input: A Key to Unlocking Higher Diagnostic Accuracy in Large Language Models.
Cureus
October 2024
Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JPN.
Purpose Large language models (LLMs) are neural network models that are trained on large amounts of textual data, showing promising performance in various fields. In radiology, studies have demonstrated the strong performance of LLMs in diagnostic imaging quiz cases. However, the inherent differences in prior probabilities of a final diagnosis between clinical and quiz cases pose challenges for LLMs, as LLMs had not been informed about the quiz nature in previous literature, while human physicians can optimize the diagnosis, consciously or unconsciously, depending on the situation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplication of problem-based learning and case-based learning in teaching ectopic pregnancy to fifth-year medical students.
BMC Med Educ
November 2024
Department of Gynecology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 570100, China.
Objective: This study explored the effectiveness of combining problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning (CBL) in the clinical teaching of ectopic pregnancy.
Methods: Fifth-year students majoring in clinical medicine were recruited from the Department of Gynecology at the Hengyang Central Hospital and Hainan General Hospital between September 2023 and June 2024. The students were randomly assigned to either the combined PBL-CBL or the traditional group.
Educational Method to Promote Recognition, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Eating Disorders: A Cluster-Randomized Study of the Effects of Retrieval Practice Amongst Medical Trainees.
Cureus
October 2024
Adolescent Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA.
Background Eating disorder (ED) education during medical training is lacking. Few medical trainees feel comfortable managing EDs, and an alarming 78% of healthcare providers report feeling insecure in treating EDs. Recognizing EDs early is crucial as the standardized mortality ratio for patients with anorexia nervosa is more than five times higher than that of the general population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGaze-based detection of mind wandering during audio-guided panorama viewing.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Institute of Cartography and Geoinformation, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Unlike classic audio guides, intelligent audio guides can detect users' level of attention and help them regain focus. In this paper, we investigate the detection of mind wandering (MW) from eye movements in a use case with a long focus distance. We present a novel MW annotation method for combined audio-visual stimuli and collect annotated MW data for the use case of audio-guided city panorama viewing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacology of Sedating and Anesthetic Agents: A Case-Based Flipped Classroom Exercise for Preclinical Medical Students.
MedEdPORTAL
November 2024
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine; Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine.
Introduction: Sedating and anesthetic drugs are widely used in clinical practice; however, relevant teaching remains underrepresented in undergraduate medical education. We developed a 2-hour flipped classroom activity integrating foundational science topics, evidence-based medicine, and clinical reasoning on anesthetic pharmacology for preclinical medical students.
Methods: Presession, second-year medical students reviewed a study guide and completed a readiness assessment.
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