Metformin (MET) is an anti-diabetic drug employed as the first-line therapy for patients of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overdosage of drugs leads to severe outcomes, and its monitoring in biofluids is vital. The present study develops cobalt-doped yttrium iron garnets and employs them as an electroactive material immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the sensitive and selective detection of metformin via electroanalytical techniques. The fabrication procedure via the sol-gel method is facile and gives a good yield of nanoparticles. They are characterized by FTIR, UV, SEM, EDX, and XRD. Pristine yttrium iron garnet particles are also synthesized for comparison, where the electrochemical behaviors of varying electrodes are analyzed via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The activity of metformin at varying concentrations and pH is investigated via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and the sensor generates excellent results for metformin detection. Under optimum conditions and at a working potential of 0.85 V (vs. Ag/AgCl/3.0 M KCl), the linear range and limit of detection (LOD) obtained through the calibration curve are estimated as 0-60 μM and 0.04 μM, respectively. The fabricated sensor is selective for metformin and depicts a blind response toward interfering species. The optimized system is applied to directly measure MET in buffers and serum samples of T2DM patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03795-8 | DOI Listing |
We propose a scheme to generate nonreciprocal entanglement and one-way steering between two distant ferrimagnetic microspheres in waveguide electromagnonics, where the magnon modes of two yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres are simultaneously coupled to each other through coherent and dissipative interactions. By matching the coherent interaction with its corresponding dissipative counterpart, unidirectional coupling between two magnon modes can be realized, and then in the presence of significant Kerr nonlinearities, we can obtain strong entanglement and one-way steering. Depending on the direction of the microwave propagation, the long-distance entanglement and steering can be generated nonreciprocally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
November 2024
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Carbon nanotube-Yttrium iron garnet (CNT-YIG) nanohybrid has been successfully synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with yttrium iron garnet (YIG) nanopowders as catalyst, ethanol as carbon stock, and argon as carrier gas. Carbon nanotube (CNT) was observed to have grown from the YIG nanopowders with bamboo-like structures of CNT at a synthesis temperature of 900 °C. FESEM and RAMAN characterization indicated that the CNT-YIG nanohybrid exhibited the growth of bamboo-like CNT with high graphitization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbsorptive frequency-selective transmission/reflection (AFST/AFSR) metamaterials (MMs) embedded with yttrium-iron-garnet are proposed, capable of achieving angular-insensitive and switchable octave absorption. The season optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize the structural parameters of the MM, thus achieving exceptional angular stability. By adjusting the discrete decreasing magnetic field applied to the MM, it can freely switch between double, triple, quadruple, and fivefold octave absorptions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptical metasurfaces employing the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) geometric phase, called PB metasurfaces, have been extensively applied to realize spin-dependent light manipulations. However, the properties of conventional PB metasurfaces are intrinsically limited by the Lorentz reciprocity. Breaking reciprocity can give rise to new properties and phenomena unavailable in conventional reciprocal systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
November 2024
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland +48 22 234 76 02.
Y-modified perovskite-type oxides BaCe Y O ( = 0-0.30) were synthesised and used as supports for cobalt catalysts. The influence of yttrium content on the properties of the support and catalyst performance in the ammonia synthesis reaction was examined using PXRD, STEM-EDX, and sorption techniques (N physisorption, H-TPD, CO-TPD).
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