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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pro.4601 | DOI Listing |
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Immune and gene-expression profiling in estrogen receptor low and negative early breast cancer.
J Natl Cancer Inst
December 2024
Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy.
Background: The cutoff of <1% positive cells to define estrogen receptor (ER) negativity by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in breast cancer (BC) is debated. We explored the tumor immune microenvironment and gene-expression profile of patients with early-stage HER2-negative ER-low (ER 1%-9%) BC, comparing them to ER-negative (ER <1%) and ER-intermediate (ER 10%-50%) tumors.
Methods: Among 921 patients with early-stage I-III, ER ≤50%, HER2-negative BCs, tumors were classified as ER-negative (n = 712), ER-low (n = 128), or ER-intermediate (n = 81).
Toward a universal theory of consciousness.
Neurosci Conscious
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President Office, Araya, Inc., Sanpo Sakuma Building, 1-11 Kanda Sakuma-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0025, Japan.
While falsifiability has been broadly discussed as a desirable property of a theory of consciousness, in this paper, we introduce the meta-theoretic concept of "Universality" as an additional desirable property for a theory of consciousness. The concept of universality, often assumed in physics, posits that the fundamental laws of nature are consistent and apply equally everywhere in the universe and remain constant over time. This assumption is crucial in science, acting as a guiding principle for developing and testing theories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe evolving landscape of metastatic HER2-positive, hormone receptor-positive Breast Cancer.
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Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:
Therapeutic agents targeting Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) demonstrated to positively impact the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer. HER2-positive breast cancer can present either as hormone receptor-negative or positive, defining Triple-positive breast cancer (TPBC). TPBC demonstrate unique gene expression profiles, showing reduced HER2-driven gene expression, as recapitulated by a higher proportion of Luminal-type intrinsic subtypes.
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Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Department of Pediatrics.
Aspergillus fumigatus escape mechanisms from its harsh survival environments.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
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School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous pathogenic mold and causes several diseases, including mycotoxicosis, allergic reactions, and systemic diseases (invasive aspergillosis), with high mortality rates. In its ecological niche, the fungus has evolved and mastered many reply strategies to resist and survive against negative threats, including harsh environmental stress and deficiency of essential nutrients from natural environments, immunity responses and drug treatments in host, and competition from symbiotic microorganisms. Hence, treating A.
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