The three-phase-lag model of heat conduction has been proposed for considering thermoelastic effect in medium. The bioheat transfer equations based on Taylor's series approximation of the three-phase-lag model were derived in conjunction with a modified energy conservation equation. For exploring the effect of non-linear expansion in the phase lag times, the Taylor's series of second-order expansion was applied. The resulting equation involves mixed derivative terms and higher-order derivatives of temperature with respect to time. The hybrid application of the Laplace transform method and a modified discretization technique was extended to solve the equations and explore the effect of thermoelasticity on the thermal behavior in living tissue with surface heat flux. The influence of thermoelastic parameters and phase lags on heat transfer in tissue has been investigated. The present results illustrate the thermal response oscillation is excited in medium for the thermoelastic effect, the phase lag times significantly affect the amplitude and frequency of the oscillation, and the expansion order of TPL model evidently affects the predicted temperature.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103436 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
November 2024
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia.
In this paper, a new and more general model of heat conduction that depends on the drift velocity due to thermomass motion assumption will be established and will be applied to the skin tissue. Four different heat conduction models will be incorporated into a unified equation of heat conduction: the Pennes, Vernotte-Cattaneo, dual-phase-lag of Tzou, and the general two-temperature three-phase-lag of Youssef. The governing partial differential equations of the general two-temperature three-phase-lag model of bioheat conduction will be implemented and solved directly in the domain of the Laplace transformation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
November 2024
Faculty of Computers and Information System, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, Egypt.
This article is concerned with a thermoelastic response in a non-local micro-stretch completely covered in the endless non-viscous fluid under temperature dependent, the medium is investigated employing the theory of Green-Naghdi (G-N III) and the model of three-phase-lag (3PHL).Basic equations are derived based on these models. The normal mode technique is employed to achieve an analysis solution to the problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Biol Med
September 2024
Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796 004, Mizoram, India. Electronic address:
The present work studies the variation in the nature of Rayleigh waves due to change in age, gender and morphological region of human skin tissue in the context of three-phase-lag (TPL) nonlocal thermoelastic theory. The secular equations are derived using the stress free, thermally insulated or isothermal boundary conditions. These secular equations are solved numerically and two significant modes of Rayleigh wave are noted to propagate simultaneously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Therm Biol
May 2023
Department of Mathematics, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007 Gujarat, India. Electronic address:
Biological tissue has a multidimensional and non-homogeneous inner structure by nature. The temperature distribution and freezing front locations in biological tissue are crucial to optimizing the damage to tissue during cryosurgery. There is a need for a good mathematical model and effective simulation techniques to predict the effectiveness of the therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
March 2023
School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
Introduction: Based on social identity theory, by introducing organizational identification as mediating variable and identification orientation as moderating variable, this paper studies the influence mechanism and impacting boundary of workplace isolation on employee fatigue and turnover intention.
Methods: Based on logic relationship, seven basic hypotheses are put forward to construct the theoretical model of the problem. Based on the 300 effective questionnaires being obtained from employees in Mainland China, the empirical investigation adopts the three-phase lag time design.
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