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Impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Coinfection on Clinical Severity and Outcomes Among Children Hospitalized With Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Soweto, South Africa.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
October 2024
From the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Background: No data are available regarding the interplay and clinical manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) coinfection in African children. We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes between RSV-only, SARS-CoV-2-only and RSV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in hospitalized African children.
Methods: Prospective surveillance of children (0-59 months) hospitalized with severe LRTI was undertaken between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2023, in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Patterns of Use of β-2 Agonists, Steroids, and Mucoactive Medications to Treat Bronchiolitis in the PICU: U.S. Pediatric Health Information System 2009-2022 Database Study.
Pediatr Crit Care Med
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Objectives: Describe β2-agonists, steroids, hypertonic saline (HTS), n-acetylcysteine (NAC), and dornase alfa (DA) use to treat bronchiolitis, factors associated with use, and associations between use and PICU length of stay (LOS).
Design: Retrospective, multicenter cohort study.
Setting: PICUs in the Pediatric Health Information System database.
Low-dose heparin sodium as a protective factor against bronchiolitis obliterans formation after adenovirus infection.
Ann Med
December 2025
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P. R. China.
Background: Adenovirus (ADV) pneumonia in children is a significant contributor to the occurrence of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Heparin sodium has known anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue repair properties. However, its role in treating BO after ADV infection remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPractical Application of Nirsevimab Recommendations for Infants and Toddlers.
J Pediatr Health Care
December 2024
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory tract infection that causes bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and children. It is the leading cause of hospitalization of infants in the United States. Nirsevimab is a long-acting monoclonal antibody recommended for the prevention of severe disease in all infants under 8 months of age and certain high-risk toddlers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespiratory syncytial virus burden in children under 2 years old in understudied areas worldwide: gap analysis of available evidence, 2012-2022.
Front Pediatr
November 2024
Vaccines and Antivirals Medical Affairs, Emerging Markets Region, Pfizer, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- A study reviewed RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) data from 149 countries across WHO regions to assess pediatric burdens from 2012 to 2022.
- A gap analysis revealed wide variations in hospitalization rates, mortality, and case definitions, with infants under 6 months at higher risk and needing longer hospital stays.
- Findings indicate significant regional differences in RSV impact and highlight the need for standardized data to better understand and address this health issue globally.
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