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Development of a novel, highly sensitive assay for quantification of minimal residual B cells in autoimmune disease and comparison to traditional methods across B-cell-depleting agents. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Targeted B-cell depletion is effective for treating autoimmune diseases and certain cancers, and a new sensitive blood assay, MRB 1.1, has been developed to measure this depletion.
  • The MRB 1.1 assay has a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 0.441 cells/μL, significantly better than the 10 cells/μL of the existing TBNK assay.
  • In a study comparing the effectiveness of rituximab, ocrelizumab, and obinutuzumab in lupus nephritis patients, obinutuzumab showed the highest rate of complete B-cell depletion at 24 weeks compared to the other two therapies.

Article Abstract

Targeted B-cell depletion is a useful therapy for many diseases, including autoimmune disorders and certain cancers. We developed a sensitive blood B-cell depletion assay, MRB 1.1, compared its performance with the T-cell/B-cell/NK-cell (TBNK) assay, and assessed B-cell depletion with different therapies. The empirically defined lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for CD19+ cells in the TBNK assay was 10 cells/μL, and 0.441 cells/μL for the MRB 1.1 assay. The TBNK LLOQ was used to compare differences between B-cell depletion in similar lupus nephritis patient populations who received rituximab (LUNAR), ocrelizumab (BELONG), or obinutuzumab (NOBILITY). After 4 weeks, 10% of patients treated with rituximab retained detectable B cells vs 1.8% with ocrelizumab and 1.7% for obinutuzumab; at 24 weeks 93% of patients who received obinutuzumab remained below LLOQ vs 63% for rituximab. More-sensitive measurements of B cells may reveal differences in potency among anti-CD20 agents, which may associate with clinical outcomes.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2023.109265DOI Listing

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