Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease globally, and it can proceed to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as cardiovascular disease, chronic renal disease, and other complications, resulting in a massive economic burden. At the moment, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is thought to be a possible treatment target for NAFLD, besides Cluster of differentiation 38(CD38) is the primary NAD degrading enzyme in mammals and may play a role in the pathophysiology of NAFLD. For example, CD38 regulates Sirtuin 1 activity and hence affects inflammatory responses. CD38 inhibitors enhance glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in mice and lipid accumulation in the liver is greatly decreased in CD38-deficient mice. This review describes the role of CD38 in the development of NAFLD in terms of Macrophage-1, insulin resistance, and abnormal lipid accumulation in order to offer recommendations for future NAFLD pharmacological trials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.81381 | DOI Listing |
Blood Adv
January 2025
Univeristy of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) is an aggressive mature T-cell lymphoma characterized by significant hepatosplenomegaly, bone marrow involvement, and minimal or no lymphadenopathy. Primarily affecting young adults, it is exceptionally rare in children and adolescents. This makes diagnosis and treatment particularly challenging for pathologists and pediatric oncologists.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a zoonotic disease that affects both livestock and humans. Men and women in pastoralist communities are vulnerable to RVF risk exposure because of their different roles and reliance on livestock products. This study sought to understand how ownership and decision-making in pastoralist male and female-headed households influence coping mechanisms and resilience to Rift Valley fever (RVF), using the three resilience capacities of absorptive, adaptive, and transformative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Geriatric Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
Objective: To develop a predictive model for microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through radiomics analysis, integrating data from both enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 93 HCC patients who underwent partial hepatectomy. The gold standard for MVI was based on the histopathological diagnosis of the tissue.
"Biliary-cast syndrome" ("BCS") is most often encountered in clinical practice as a complication after liver transplantation, there are also described cases of biliary-cast syndrome in patients who did not undergo liver transplantation, isolated cases of "BCS" developing in patients with acute pancreatitis, choledocholithiasis are described in literature. Ischemic damage to bile duct epithelium with development of cholestasis and retrograde biliary tract infection are considered as the main etiological factors. This work presents a clinical case of "Biliary-cast syndrome" in a patient with acute biliary pancreatitis and pulmonary embolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Magee-Womens Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Epidemiology and Clinical and Translational Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Importance: Chronic hypertension and preeclampsia are leading risk enhancers for maternal-neonatal morbidity and mortality. Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) indicators include heart, kidney, and liver disease, but studies have not excluded patients with preexisting diseases that define SMM. Thus, SMM risks for uncomplicated chronic hypertension specific to preeclampsia remain unclear.
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