Fungal bioprosthetic valve endocarditis is regarded as a rare, fatal disease. Severe aortic valve stenosis due to vegetation in bioprosthetic valves was also rare. Because biofilm formation is a factor related to persistent infection, the best outcomes for endocarditis are achieved in patients treated surgically with concomitant antifungal medicine.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9923466PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.6950DOI Listing

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