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Background: Worldwide, many countries have adopted colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes, often based on faecal occult blood tests (FOBTs). CRC screening aims to detect advanced neoplasia (AN), which is defined as CRC or advanced adenomas. FOBTs fall into two categories based on detection technique and the detected blood component: qualitative guaiac-based FOBTs (gFOBTs) and faecal immunochemical tests (FITs), which can be qualitative and quantitative.

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Screening programs for colorectal cancer (CRC) are standard in most developed countries because they reduce mortality and are cost-effective. Within them, colonoscopy allows to directly visualize the colon and remove neoplastic lesions. However, it is an expensive exam with low adherence in asymptomatic individuals.

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Background/aim: Noninvasive fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) are recommended by current guidelines for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic performance of traditional guaiac-based FOBTs (gFOBT) and new-generation immunochemical FOBTs (iFOBT) in CRC screening by carrying out a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Patients And Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for eligible articles published before February 17, 2020.

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Previous randomized studies suggest that fecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening can reduce mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC). Our aim was to review the current status of FOBTs in CRC screening. FOB is measured using either the traditional guaiac-based tests or more recently introduced fecal immunochemical tests (FITs).

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