A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 3100

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Nitrogen removal from wastewater by an immobilized consortium of microalgae-bacteria in hybrid hydrogels. | LitMetric

Nitrogen removal from wastewater by an immobilized consortium of microalgae-bacteria in hybrid hydrogels.

Water Sci Technol

Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Puebla, Vía Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla, Puebla 72453, Mexico

Published: February 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • High nitrogen levels in wastewater create challenges for traditional treatment methods, prompting the study of hybrid hydrogels to improve nitrogen removal efficiency.
  • The study involved creating hybrid hydrogels using microalgae, nitrifying bacteria, and activated carbon (AC) to assess their effectiveness in removing ammonium (NH) and producing nitrate (NO).
  • Results showed that hydrogels without AC were more effective in removing NH and producing NO, with the best performance coming from a hydrogel containing 5% biomass without AC, achieving a nitrification rate of 0.43 mg N/g TSS·h.

Article Abstract

The high content of nitrogen in wastewater brings some operational, technical, and economical issues in conventional technologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen removal by hybrid hydrogels containing consortium microalgae-nitrifying bacteria in the presence of activated carbon (AC) used as an adsorbent of inhibitory substances. Hybrid hydrogels were synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), biomass (microalgae-nitrifying bacteria), and AC. The hybrid hydrogels were evaluated based on the change in ammonium (NH), nitrate (NO), and chemical demand of oxygen (COD) concentrations, nitrification rate, and other parameters during 72 h. Results indicated that NH removal was more effective for hydrogels without AC than with AC, without significant differences regarding consortium biomass concentration (5 or 16%), presenting final concentrations of 3.13 and 3.75 mg NH/L for hydrogels with 5 and 16% of the biomass, respectively. Regarding NO production, hydrogels without AC reached concentrations of 25.9 and 39.77 mg NO/L for 5 and 16% of the biomass, respectively, while treatments with AC ended with 2.17 and 1.37 mg NO/L. This confirms that hydrogels can carry out the nitrification process and do not need AC to remove potential inhibitors. The best performance was observed for the hydrogel with 5% of biomass without AC with a nitrification rate of 0.43 mg N/g TSS·h.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2023.001DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

hybrid hydrogels
16
nitrogen removal
8
hydrogels
8
microalgae-nitrifying bacteria
8
nitrification rate
8
16% biomass
8
biomass
5
removal wastewater
4
wastewater immobilized
4
immobilized consortium
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: