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Association of sarcopenia, ambient air pollution and cognitive function in a community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly Korean population: a community-based cohort study.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, The Republic of Korea
Objectives: To investigate the association of sarcopenia, exposure to medium-term to long-term ambient particulate matter 2.5 µm and 10 µm (PM and PM) pollution and cognitive function in a community-dwelling cohort of middle-aged and older adults in South Korea.
Design: A community-based prospective cohort study.
Risk and burden of low birthweight related to maternal PM exposure in Iran: A national causal inference study.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
December 2024
Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Maternal ambient fine particulate matter (PM) has been linked with fetal low birthweight (LBW), while national causal evidence is limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Methods: We used nationwide registry-based birth records of 3839531 singleton livebirths, with maternal age (MA) between 15 and 49 years, across 31 provinces in Iran from 2013 through 2018. Monthly gridded concentrations of ambient PM during entire pregnancy were estimated through validated spatiotemporal models.
Oesophageal cancer.
Lancet
November 2024
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Ya University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - Oesophageal cancer ranks as the seventh leading cause of cancer deaths globally and has two main types: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, with the latter showing increasing incidence rates in recent years.
- - Advances in screening, surgical techniques, and innovative treatments have significantly improved the prognosis for oesophageal cancer, particularly for locally advanced cases treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
- - The seminar highlights recent developments in the treatment of both subtypes, emphasizing neoadjuvant therapies for advanced cancer and the establishment of immune checkpoint inhibitors as standard care in both adjuvant and first-line metastatic treatment.
Early adolescents' ethnic-racial identity in relation to longitudinal growth in perspective taking.
Dev Psychol
November 2024
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Adolescents experience significant growth in social cognition, including perspective taking and identity formation. Due to the salience of race and ethnicity in the United States, adolescents' ethnic-racial identity (ERI) may have important implications for their sociocognitive development. The present study tested the association between ERI in early adolescence and subsequent longitudinal growth in perspective taking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has attracted significant attention as it has been proven to be effective in facilitating upper limb motor recovery in patients with stroke. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of dual-site non-invasive brain stimulation (DS-NIBS) in improving upper extremity motor function after stroke.
Methods: A PRISMA systematic search was conducted for randomized controlled trials.
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