Hadrontherapy is a form of radiation therapy (RT) that relies on heavy particles, such as proton, heavy ions, or neutrons, to enhance anti-tumoral efficacy based on their specific dosimetric and radio-biological properties. Neutrons are characterized by specific radiobiological properties that might deserve greater consideration, including the high linear energy transfer and the low oxygen enhancement ratio. Neutron brachytherapy, relying on interstitial or intracavitary neutron sources, has been developed since the 1950s using Californium-252 (252Cf) as a mixed emitter of fission fast neutrons and γ-photos. However, the place of NBT in the era of modern radiation therapy is yet to be precisely defined. In this systematic review, we aim to provide an up-to-date analysis of current experience and clinical evidence of NBT in the XXI century, by answering the following clinical questions: How is NBT currently delivered? What are the current efficacy data and tolerance profiles of NBT?
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canrad.2022.08.010 | DOI Listing |
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Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Interest in Intensity Modulated Brachytherapy (IMBT) for High Dose Rate Brachytherapy (HDR) treatments has steadily increased in recent years. However, intensity modulation is not best optimized for currently used HDR sources since they emit high energy photons. To that end, the focus on IMBT has moved to middle energy sources, such as Ytterbium-169; yet even Yb-169 emits some high energy photons at a low yield.
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Background: Intensity modulated brachytherapy based on partially shielded intracavitary and interstitial applicators is possible with a cost-effective Yb production method. Yb is a traditionally expensive isotope suitable for this purpose, with an average γ-ray energy of 93 keV. Re-activating a single Yb source multiple times in a nuclear reactor between clinical uses was shown to theoretically reduce cost by approximately 75% relative to conventional single-activation sources.
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Microdosimetry-based investigation of biological effectiveness ofCf brachytherapy source: TOPAS Monte Carlo study.
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To investigate biological effectiveness ofCf brachytherapy source using Monte Carlo-calculated microdosimetric distributions.Cf source capsule was placed at the center of the spherical water phantom and phase-space data were scored as a function of radial distance in water (= 1-5 cm) using TOPAS Monte Carlo code. The phase-space data were used to calculate microdosimetric distributions at 1m site size.
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