Taxon-specific small RNA loci are widespread in eukaryotic genomes, yet their role in lineage-specific adaptation, phenotypic diversification, and speciation is poorly understood. Here, we report that a speciation locus in monkeyflowers (), (), contains an inverted repeat region that produces small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in a phased pattern. Although the inverted repeat is derived from a partial duplication of a protein-coding gene that is not involved in flower pigmentation, one of the siRNAs targets and represses a master regulator of floral carotenoid pigmentation. emerged with two protein-coding genes that control other aspects of flower coloration as a "superlocus" in a subclade of and has contributed to subsequent phenotypic diversification and pollinator-mediated speciation in the descendant species.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adf1323 | DOI Listing |
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