A review on aero-allergen induced allergy in India.

Clin Exp Allergy

Ecology and Allergology Lab, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India.

Published: July 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • Allergic diseases like asthma, rhinitis, and eczema are significant public health concerns in India, characterized by a high prevalence due to various environmental factors.
  • The country has identified numerous allergenic sources, including 83 types of pollen and other fungi, dust mites, and insects, contributing to both indoor and outdoor allergic reactions.
  • Ongoing research aims to enhance allergy diagnostics and treatments, while this review provides insights for clinicians on selecting appropriate tests and managing allergic patients based on regional specifics and genetic findings.

Article Abstract

Allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, rhinitis and eczema are an important public health issue globally in 21st century. Their prevalence and impact in India is high, in terms of total numbers of people affected. Due to diverse climate and lifestyle, the Indian population is exposed to a rich and varied range of aerobiological particles. In the last two decades in India, 83 pollens, 34 fungi, six dust mite and 19 insect species were reported as allergenic, often contributing to heavy allergenic exposure in indoor and outdoor environments. There are currently few practitioners who offer allergy diagnosis and treatment in India, but there is active basic and molecular research aiming to improve the health of allergic patients. This review explores the field of aero-allergy in India during the last two decades, with special emphasis on prevalence across various centres and relevant scientific advances such as genetic associations and new therapeutics. This review will be helpful for clinicians to select aero-allergens for sensitisation testing in patients suffering from symptoms in different regions of India, and to support patients undertaking prophylaxis of allergic symptoms in India according to local environmental conditions. This study also helps to define patient selection for allergy testing and the role of test results in guiding allergic disease management in the Indian context. Finally, we summarize genetic findings relevant to aero-allergy in India and discuss the development of novel therapeutics for investigation and management of aero-allergy in India.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cea.14266DOI Listing

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