AI Article Synopsis
- Single-impact electrochemistry is a cutting-edge technique for analyzing bacteria at the single-cell level, showing high sensitivity through chronoamperometric measurements with ultramicroelectrodes.
- Recent studies highlight advancements in the method's selectivity for identifying different bacterial strains, utilizing strategies like redox mediators to enhance detection.
- The review also covers recent innovations in sensing virulence factors from pathogenic bacteria and discusses the limitations, applications, and future prospects of this electrochemical approach.
Article Abstract
Single-impact electrochemistry for the analysis of bacteria is a powerful technique for biosensing applications at the single-cell scale. The sensitivity of this electro-analytical method has been widely demonstrated based on chronoamperometric measurements at an ultramicroelectrode polarized at the appropriate potential of redox species in solution. Furthermore, the most recent studies display a continuous improvement in the ability of this sensitive electrochemical method to identify different bacterial strains with better selectivity. To achieve this, several strategies, such as the presence of a redox mediator, have been investigated for detecting and identifying the bacterial cell through its own electrochemical behavior. Both the blocking electrochemical impacts method and electrochemical collisions of single bacteria with a redox mediator are reported in this review and discussed through relevant examples. An original sensing strategy for virulence factors originating from pathogenic bacteria is also presented, based on a recent proof of concept dealing with redox liposome single-impact electrochemistry. The limitations, applications, perspectives, and challenges of single-impact electrochemistry for bacteria analysis are briefly discussed, based on the most significant published data.
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