Retrograde degeneration of the cerebellar nuclei cells has been studied after partial ablation of the associative parietal cerebral cortex in the cat. The material is stained after Nissl. Retrogradely degenerated and normal cells are counted. The "ghost-cells" in the cerebellar nuclei indicate that a direct axonal connection exists between some neurons and the cerebral cortex operated, while the cells that are at other stages of degeneration are, perhaps, connected with this part of the cortex by means of axonal collaterals.
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Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is an axon guidance molecule, which is also abundant in the adult central nervous system (CNS), particularly in perineuronal nets (PNNs). PNNs are extracellular matrix structures that restrict plasticity. The cellular sources of Sema3A in PNNs are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Introduction: While cerebral amyloid angiopathy is likely responsible for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) occurring in superficial (grey matter, vermis) cerebellar locations, it is unclear whether hypertensive arteriopathy (HA), the other major cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), is associated with cerebellar ICH (cICH) in deep (white matter, deep nuclei, cerebellar peduncle) regions. We tested the hypothesis that HA-associated neuroimaging markers are significantly associated with deep cICH compared to superficial cICH.
Patients And Methods: Brain MRI scans from consecutive non-traumatic cICH patients admitted to a referral center were analyzed for cSVD markers.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
January 2025
From the Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
Background And Purpose: Differentiating Parkinson's Disease (PD) from Atypical Parkinsonism Syndrome (APS), including Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), is challenging, and there is no gold standard. Integrating quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and morphometry can help differentiate PD from APS and improve the internal diagnosis of APS.
Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 55 patients with PD, 17 with MSA-parkinsonian type (MSA-P), 15 with MSA-cerebellar type (MSA-C), and 14 with PSP.
Front Neurol
January 2025
Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Introduction: The brainstem vestibular nuclei neurons receive synaptic inputs from inner ear acceleration-sensing hair cells, cerebellar output neurons, and ascending signals from spinal proprioceptive-related neurons. The lateral (LVST) and medial (MVST) vestibulospinal (VS) tracts convey their coded signals to the spinal circuits to rapidly counter externally imposed perturbations to facilitate stability and provide a framework for self-generated head movements.
Methods: The present study describes the morphological characteristics of intraaxonally recorded and labeled VS neurons monosynaptically connected to the 8th nerve.
The role of cerebellum in controlling eye movements is well established, but its contribution to more complex forms of visual behavior has remained elusive. To study cerebellar activity during visual attention we recorded extracellular activity of dentate nucleus (DN) neurons in two non-human primates (NHPs). NHPs were trained to read the direction indicated by a peripheral visual stimulus while maintaining fixation at the center, and report the direction of the cue by performing a saccadic eye movement into the same direction following a delay.
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