A theoretical study on the line defects in β-borophene: enhanced direct-current and alternating-current conductances.

Using density functional theory and the non-equilibrium Green's function method, we theoretically investigated the structures, stabilities, electronic properties, and the direct-current (DC) and alternating-current (AC) transport properties of the line defects in two-dimensional material β-borophene. Our results suggest that there exist six line defects that can enhance the stability of β-borophene and the line defects have profound influences on the electronic structure of β-borophene. Along the zigzag direction, the line defects can change the atomic orbital components of the Dirac cones in perfect β-borophene, but the line defects along the armchair direction have complicated influences on the Dirac cones. In the case of DC transport, some of the line defects lead to the constant DC phenomenon and the negative differential resistance effect, and enhance the DC conductances since the line defects exhibit typical one-dimensional characteristics. In the case of AC transport, some of the line defects enhance the AC conductances in the medium-frequency and high-frequency ranges through the photon-assisted tunneling effect. The microscopic mechanisms of the enhanced DC and AC conductances are different. In addition, for a low-frequency range, the equivalent circuits of β-borophene and the line defects were also suggested, which will be beneficial for designing borophene-based functional nanodevices.