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Hidden domain boundary dynamics toward crystalline perfection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
A central paradigm of nonequilibrium physics concerns the dynamics of heterogeneity and disorder, impacting processes ranging from the behavior of glasses to the emergent functionality of active matter. Understanding these complex mesoscopic systems requires probing the microscopic trajectories associated with irreversible processes, the role of fluctuations and entropy growth, and the timescales on which nonequilibrium responses are ultimately maintained. Approaches that illuminate these processes in model systems may enable a more general understanding of other heterogeneous nonequilibrium phenomena, and potentially define ultimate speed and energy cost limits for information processing technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmotion Recognition Model of EEG Signals Based on Double Attention Mechanism.
Brain Sci
December 2024
West China Institute of Children's Brain and Cognition, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400065, China.
Background: Emotions play a crucial role in people's lives, profoundly affecting their cognition, decision-making, and interpersonal communication. Emotion recognition based on brain signals has become a significant challenge in the fields of affective computing and human-computer interaction.
Methods: Addressing the issue of inaccurate feature extraction and low accuracy of existing deep learning models in emotion recognition, this paper proposes a multi-channel automatic classification model for emotion EEG signals named DACB, which is based on dual attention mechanisms, convolutional neural networks, and bidirectional long short-term memory networks.
The identification of low-pathogenic bacteria on removed spinal implants and implications for antimicrobial prophylaxis.
Brain Spine
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the role of low-pathogenic bacteria from removed spinal implants and evaluates the effectiveness of single-dose antibiotics before surgery.
- A retrospective analysis of 93 patients found that bacterial presence in loosened implants (41%) was not significantly different from non-loosened ones (27%), highlighting a possible link between bacterial resistance and antibiotic choice.
- The results indicate a need for reevaluating current antibiotic prophylaxis due to the prevalence of both sensitive and resistant bacteria, emphasizing the importance of further research on low-virulence bacteria in non-loosened implants.
Deep Proteome Coverage of Microglia Using a Streamlined Data-Independent Acquisition-Based Proteomic Workflow: Method Consideration for a Phenotypically Diverse Cell Type.
Proteomes
November 2024
Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
As the primary innate immune cells of the brain, microglia play a key role in various homeostatic and disease-related processes. To carry out their numerous functions, microglia adopt a wide range of phenotypic states. The proteomic landscape represents a more accurate molecular representation of these phenotypes; however, microglia present unique challenges for proteomic analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShould Femoral Nerve Blocks and Adductor Canal Blocks Be Used in Pediatric or Adolescent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction?: A Systematic Review.
J Pediatr Orthop
December 2024
Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery.
Background: Achieving adequate pain control is vital for proper rehabilitation, satisfaction, and earlier discharge after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Opioids have traditionally been used for this purpose, however, can be associated with various negative outcomes. As such, multimodal analgesia was introduced to reduce postoperative opioid use.
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