We investigated the relationship between maximal oxygen consumption (VO) and performance in vertical races (VRs). In total, 270 performances, from 26 VRs, and cardiopulmonary data of 64 highly-trained mountain runners (53 M, V O: 75.7±5.8 mL/min/kg; 11 F: 65.7±3.4 mL/min/kg), collected over a 11-year period (2012-2022), were analysed. The relationship between performance and VO was modelled separately for national (NVRs), international (IVRs), and VRs of current pole-unassisted and pole-assisted vertical kilometre (VK) records (RVRs). Three different (p<0.001) exponential models described the relationship between performance and VO in IVRs (R=0.96, p<0.001), NRs (R=0.91, p<0.001) and RVRs (R=0.97, p<0.001). Estimated VO requirements (with 95% CI) to win/set a record time in IVRs were 86.2(85.3-87.1)/89.4(88.2-90.5) and 74.0(73.6-74.4)/76.8(76.4-77.3) mL/min/kg, for males and females, respectively, 86.1(85.0-87.1)/90.4(89.0-91.8) and 74.8(74.2-75.3)/77.1(77.6-77.7) mL/min/kg in RVRs, decreasing to 83.7(82.5-84.9)/87.6(86.0-89.2) and 66.8(65.9-67.7)/70.7(70.1-71.4) mL/min/kg in NVRs. Our study also suggested a tendency towards a non-uniform variation in the metabolic demand of off-road running, likely attributable to the different features of the VRs (e.g., terrain, technical level, use of poles). These data provide mean VO requirements for mountain runners to win and establish new records in VRs and stimulate new research on the energy cost of off-road running.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2023.2172801 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Functional Dilemma of Nectar Mimic Staminodes in (Celastraceae): Attracting Pollinators and Florivorous Beetles.
Ecol Evol
October 2024
Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China.
While floral signaling plays a central role in the reproductive success of all animal-pollinated plants, it may also attract herbivores eager to feed on flowers. False nectaries with glossy surfaces reflecting incident light may produce signals that attract floral visitors guiding their movements to and within the flower. Whether false nectaries also attract herbivores that lower the reproductive success of natural populations requires attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA how-to guide for code sharing in biology.
PLoS Biol
September 2024
Department of Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
In 2024, all biology is computational biology. Computer-aided analysis continues to spread into new fields, becoming more accessible to researchers trained in the wet lab who are eager to take advantage of growing datasets, falling costs, and novel assays that present new opportunities for discovery. It is currently much easier to find guidance for implementing these techniques than for reporting their use, leaving biologists to guess which details and files are relevant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of protic surfactant ionic liquids based on ethanolamines on solubility of acetaminophen at several temperatures: measurement and thermodynamic correlation.
BMC Chem
July 2024
Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Absolute qualifications with the application of protic ionic liquids (PILs) and a recognition of the numerous thermophysical features of these materials are required in various processes. Due to the wonderful applications of these compounds and their high potential in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, there is a particular eagerness to utilize these PILs in drug solubility and delivery area. The aim of this investigation was to explore the solubility of the acetaminophen (ACP) in three PILs base on ethanolamine laurate [(2-hydroxyethylammonium laurate [MEA]La), (bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium laurate [DEA]La), and ( tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium laurate [TEA]La)].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The reproductive years provide a window into future risk for Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM); women's risk is seven to 10 times higher after gestational diabetes (GDM) and two to four times higher after a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP). Targeting reproductive-aged women at high risk for T2DM could reduce future T2DM incidence. However, little is known about such women's diabetes risk perceptions, or their knowledge or barriers/motivators of lifestyle change-information essential to understanding how to engage these at-risk women in tailored prevention programs promoting long-term health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransforming the Future of Surgeon-Scientists.
Ann Surg
February 2024
Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC.
Objective: To create a blueprint for surgical department leaders, academic institutions, and funding agencies to optimally support surgeon-scientists.
Background: Scientific contributions by surgeons have been transformative across many medical disciplines. Surgeon-scientists provide a distinct approach and mindset toward key scientific questions.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!