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Geophysical implications for the formation of the Tamu Massif-the Earth's largest single volcano-within the Shatsky Rise in the northwest Pacific Ocean. | LitMetric

Geophysical implications for the formation of the Tamu Massif-the Earth's largest single volcano-within the Shatsky Rise in the northwest Pacific Ocean.

Sci Bull (Beijing)

South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental Research, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510310, China; Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas, State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Marine Monitoring and Applied Technologies for Harmful Algal Blooms, State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 200137, China. Electronic address:

Published: January 2017

Recent geophysical research programs survey the Tamu Massif within the Shatsky Rise oceanic plateau in the northwest Pacific Ocean to understand the formation of this immense volcano and to test the formation hypotheses of large igneous province volcanism. Massive sheet basalt flows are cored from the Tamu Massif, implying voluminous eruptions with high effusion rates. Seismic reflection data show that the Tamu Massif is the largest single volcano on Earth, characterized by a central volcanic shield with low-gradient flank slopes, implying lava flows emanating from its center and spreading massive area on the seafloor. Velocity model calculated from seismic refraction data shows that crustal thickness has a negative correlation with average velocity, implying a chemically anomalous origin of the Tamu Massif. Seismic refraction and reflection data reveal a complete crustal structure across the entire volcano, featured by a deep crust root with a maximum thickness of ∼30km, and Moho geometry is consistent with the Airy Isostasy. These recent findings provide evidence for the two end-member formation models: the mantle plume and the plate boundary. Both are supported by some results, but both are not fit with some either. Consequently, plume-ridge interaction could be a resolution that awaits future investigations.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2016.11.003DOI Listing

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