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AbstractAn explanation for variation in impacts of sea star wasting disease across asteroid species remains elusive. Although various traits have been suggested to play a potential role in sea star wasting susceptibility, currently we lack a thorough comparison that explores how life-history and natural history traits shape responses to mass mortality across diverse asteroid taxa. To explore how asteroid traits may relate to sea star wasting, using available data and recognizing the potential for biological correlations to be driven by phylogeny, we generated a supertree, tested traits for phylogenetic association, and evaluated associations between traits and sea star wasting impact. Our analyses show no evidence for a phylogenetic association with sea star wasting impact, but there does appear to be phylogenetic association for a subset of asteroid life-history traits, including diet, substrate, and reproductive season. We found no relationship between sea star wasting and developmental mode, diet, pelagic larval duration, or substrate but did find a relationship with minimum depth, reproductive season, and rugosity (or surface complexity). Species with the greatest sea star wasting impacts tend to have shallower minimum depth distributions, they tend to have their median reproductive period 1.5 months earlier, and they tend to have higher rugosities relative to species less affected by sea star wasting. Fully understanding sea star wasting remains challenging, in part because dramatic gaps still exist in our understanding of the basic biology and phylogeny of asteroids. Future studies would benefit from a more robust phylogenetic understanding of sea stars, as well as leveraging intra- and interspecific comparative transcriptomics and genomics to elucidate the molecular pathways responding to sea star wasting.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/722800 | DOI Listing |
Elife
December 2024
Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, United States.
The evolutionary introduction of asymmetric cell division (ACD) into the developmental program facilitates the formation of a new cell type, contributing to developmental diversity and, eventually, species diversification. The micromere of the sea urchin embryo may serve as one of those examples: an ACD at the 16-cell stage forms micromeres unique to echinoids among echinoderms. We previously reported that a polarity factor, activator of G-protein signaling (AGS), plays a crucial role in micromere formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE J Transl Eng Health Med
December 2024
Rocket Science Health Victoria BC V8V 2Y1 Canada.
Focal intranasal drug delivery to the olfactory cleft is a promising avenue for pharmaceuticals targeting the brain. However, traditional nasal sprays often fail to deliver enough medication to this specific area. We present a laminar fluid ejection (LFE) method for precise delivery of medications to the olfactory cleft.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Aircraft cabins are routinely pressurized to the equivalent of 8000 ft altitude. Exposure of lab animals to aeromedical evacuation relevant hypobaria after traumatic brain injury worsens neurological outcomes, which is paradoxically exacerbated by hyperoxia. This study tested the hypothesis that exposure of rats to hypobaria following cortical impact reduces cerebral blood flow, increases neuroinflammation, and alters brain neurochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiat Res
December 2024
Integrated Center for Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, 960-8516, Japan.
Although multiple studies suggest that ionizing radiation can induce bystander effects (radiation-induced bystander effect, RIBE) in cultured cell lines, it is still unclear whether RIBE is evolutionarily conserved in invertebrates. In this study, we investigated the frequency of cell death of unirradiated starfish (Patiria pectinifera) oocytes co-cultured with oocytes irradiated with X rays (0, 2 and 4 Gy). We observed increased frequencies of cell death determined by morphological abnormality and TUNEL-positive cells in unirradiated oocytes co-cultured with oocytes irradiated with 2 Gy or 4 Gy oocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China. Electronic address:
Archivesica marissinica is a dominant species inhabiting the Haima cold seep in the South China Sea. However, the composition, characterization and specific functions of conserved and unique shell matrix proteins (SMPs) in A. marissinica remain unknown.
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