Objective: To characterize stone-related financial burden among adults with nephrolithiasis through validated questionnaires for financial toxicity.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey of adults with history of nephrolithiasis at an outpatient clinic. The survey contained a measure of stone-related financial toxicity (COST score), and assessed demographics, stone event history, and burden of overall, ancillary, preventative, and insurance costs. A COST score ≤21 was classified as high financial toxicity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate associations with demographic variables and stone event history.
Results: One hundred patients completed the survey (median age 57, IQR, 48-64). The median COST score was 30 (IQR, 23-37), and 19% reported high financial toxicity. Insurance status, household income, stone surgeries during lifetime and within the last 3 years were associated with financial toxicity on univariable analysis (P <.05). Burden of costs was significantly higher in all categories within the high financial toxicity cohort (each P <.05). On multivariable logistic regression, only income >$75,000 remained significant within the second model (OR: 0.22, 95% CI, 0.05-0.77, P = .02), however, this relationship did not persist on the final model. When asked whether providers should be mindful of their financial situation prior to making treatment recommendations, 39% responded "quite a bit" or "very much."
Conclusion: One in 5 patients seeking care for nephrolithiasis meet criteria for high financial toxicity. Financial toxicity was associated with household income, insurance, education, and frequency of stone events. Thirty-nine percent reported that their provider should be mindful of their financial situation when making recommendations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2023.01.010 | DOI Listing |
Mol Neurobiol
January 2025
Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play a pivotal role in pathomechanisms of brain ischemia. Our research aimed to formulate a nanotheranostic system for delivering carnosic acid as a neuroprotective agent with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties to ischemic brain tissue, mimicked by organotypic hippocampal cultures (OHCs) exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). In the first part of this study, the nanocarriers were formulated by encapsulating two types of nanocores (nanoemulsion (AOT) and polymeric (PCL)) containing CA into multilayer shells using the sequential adsorption of charged nanoobjects method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlanta
January 2025
Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
PME12-mutated plants displayed altered stomatal characteristics and susceptibility to ABA-induced closure. Despite changes in PME activity, the mutant exhibited enhanced thermotolerance. These findings suggest a complex interplay between pectin methylesterification, ABA response, and stomatal function, contributing to plant adaptation to heat stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Dowool Health Welfare Center, Namwon, Korea, Republic of (South).
Background: One out of every ten individuals aged 65 or above in Korea experiences dementia, with a total dementia care cost of KRW 18.7198 trillion, or approximately KRW 21.24 million per person.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are associated with substantial direct healthcare costs, including specialist care, medication, and indirect costs related to loss of productivity and informal caregiving. The economic burden of ADRD on families and caregivers often threatens the financial security of entire households. The consequences of this financial burden are linked to a worsened quality of life and treatment compliance, rapid disease progression, and lower survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To investigate long-term corneal biomechanical changes in thin corneas after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).
Methods: Patients with indications for SMILE were enrolled in this study between November 2017 and March 2018. Patients were matched for age, spherical diopter, cylinder, spherical equivalent (SE), and lenticule thickness (LT), and then categorized into the thin cornea group (preoperative thinnest central corneal thickness [CCT] of 500 µm or less, 32 eyes) or normal cornea group (CCT of greater than 500 µm, 32 eyes).
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