Background: Mast cells (MCs) within the airway epithelium in asthma are closely related to airway dysfunction, but cross talk between airway epithelial cells (AECs) and MCs in asthma remains incompletely understood. Human rhinovirus (RV) infections are key triggers for asthma progression, and AECs from individuals with asthma may have dysregulated antiviral responses.
Objective: We utilized primary AECs in an ex vivo coculture model system to examine cross talk between AECs and MCs after epithelial rhinovirus infection.
Methods: Primary AECs were obtained from 11 children with asthma and 10 healthy children, differentiated at air-liquid interface, and cultured in the presence of laboratory of allergic diseases 2 (LAD2) MCs. AECs were infected with rhinovirus serogroup A 16 (RV16) for 48 hours. RNA isolated from both AECs and MCs underwent RNA sequencing. Direct effects of epithelial-derived interferons on LAD2 MCs were examined by real-time quantitative PCR.
Results: MCs increased expression of proinflammatory and antiviral genes in AECs. AECs demonstrated a robust antiviral response after RV16 infection that resulted in significant changes in MC gene expression, including upregulation of genes involved in antiviral responses, leukocyte activation, and type 2 inflammation. Subsequent ex vivo modeling demonstrated that IFN-β induces MC type 2 gene expression. The effects of AEC donor phenotype were small relative to the effects of viral infection and the presence of MCs.
Conclusions: There is significant cross talk between AECs and MCs, which are present in the epithelium in asthma. Epithelial-derived interferons not only play a role in viral suppression but also further alter MC immune responses including specific type 2 genes.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257743 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.825 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
STING facilitates the development of radiation-induced lung injury via regulating the PERK/eIF2α pathway.
Transl Lung Cancer Res
November 2024
Department of Oncology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Background: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the serious adverse reactions of thoracic radiotherapy, which largely limits the dose and therapeutic effect of radiotherapy. The underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. RILI is characterized by an acute inflammatory response, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has been reported to play an important role in regulating inflammation and innate immune activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA metabolic switch orchestrated by IL-18 and the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP programs intestinal tolerance.
Immunity
September 2024
Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Tissues are exposed to diverse inflammatory challenges that shape future inflammatory responses. While cellular metabolism regulates immune function, how metabolism programs and stabilizes immune states within tissues and tunes susceptibility to inflammation is poorly understood. Here, we describe an innate immune metabolic switch that programs long-term intestinal tolerance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Unlabelled is a type of mold that can cause serious lung infections, especially in people with weak immune systems.
- The study shows that special lung cells help fight this mold by making a protein called GM-CSF, which helps immune cells (neutrophils) do their job better.
- Researchers found that these lung cells work together with other signals from the body to protect against fungal infections, making them really important for keeping us healthy in our lungs.
The Pathogenesis of COVID-19-Related Taste Disorder and Treatments.
J Dent Res
October 2023
Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
COVID-19, mainly manifested as acute respiratory distress syndrome, has afflicted millions of people worldwide since 2019. Taste dysfunction is a common early-stage symptom of COVID-19 infection that burdens patients for weeks or even permanently in some cases. Owing to its subjectivity and complexity, the mechanism of taste disorder is poorly studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhinovirus infection of the airway epithelium enhances mast cell immune responses via epithelial-derived interferons.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
June 2023
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
Background: Mast cells (MCs) within the airway epithelium in asthma are closely related to airway dysfunction, but cross talk between airway epithelial cells (AECs) and MCs in asthma remains incompletely understood. Human rhinovirus (RV) infections are key triggers for asthma progression, and AECs from individuals with asthma may have dysregulated antiviral responses.
Objective: We utilized primary AECs in an ex vivo coculture model system to examine cross talk between AECs and MCs after epithelial rhinovirus infection.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!