Quantifying waste and its costs in hospital foodservices.

Aim: To measure the amount of different types of food and food packaging waste produced in hospital foodservice and estimate the cost associated with its disposal to landfill.

Method: A foodservice waste audit was conducted over 14 days in the kitchens of three hospitals (15 wards, 10 wards, 1 ward) operating a cook-chill or cook-freeze model with food made offsite. The amount (kg) of plate waste, trayline waste and packaging waste (rubbish and recycling) was weighed using scales and the number of spare trays and the food items on them were counted. Waste haulage fees ($AU0.18/kg) and price per spare tray item were used to calculate costs associated with waste.

Results: On average there was 502.1 kg/day of foodservice waste, consisting of 227.7 kg (45%) plate waste, 99.6 kg (20%) trayline waste and 174.8 kg (35%) packaging waste. The median number of spare trays was 171/day, with 224 items/day on them worth $214.10/day. Only 12% (20.4 kg/day) of packaging waste was recycled and the remaining 88% (154.4 kg/day) was sent to landfill along with food waste at two hospitals. Overall 347.3 kg/day was sent to landfill costing $62.51/day on waste haulage fees, amounting to 126.8 tonnes and $22 816.15 annually.

Conclusion: A substantial amount of waste is generated in hospital foodservices, and sending waste to landfill is usual practice. Australia has a target to halve food waste by 2030 and to achieve this hospital foodservices must invest in systems proven to reduce waste, solutions recommended by policy advisors (e.g., waste auditing) and waste diversion strategies.