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Sarcopenia is currently understood as an organ insufficiency. However, the distinction of acute and chronic sarcopenia as different categories, which makes sense in this conceptual framework, is still evolving. The first set of modern definitions of sarcopenia only considered chronic sarcopenia. However, research showed that function in acute care settings differs from the loss that evolves slowly over months or years, and this fact is starting to permeate modern definitions. The updated version of the EWGSOP definition identifies acute and chronic sarcopenia as subcategories. Different studies have reported rates of incident sarcopenia in hospitalised older patients around 15-20%, which adds to the prevalent sarcopenia present on admission. Diagnosing sarcopenia in acute settings carries specific challenges related to the patients, the acute condition, and limitations in the use of diagnostic tests for muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Prevention and management of acute sarcopenia rely on exercise during admission, but the quality of evidence is still low. Nutritional intervention and drugs may have a role, but more research is needed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000529052 | DOI Listing |
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol
March 2025
School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Muscular manifestations are common complaints encountered in daily rheumatology practice. Magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography are employed to evaluate muscular manifestations associated with myositis and other rheumatologic diseases, but both have limitations that hinder their universal applicability. Ultrasound, on the other hand, has been increasingly used given its utility as a point-of-care tool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
February 2025
Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing, China.
Background: Low skeletal muscle mass is an independent risk factor for increased mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). However, no study has evaluated the temporal changes in muscle mass during the course of ACLF. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in muscle mass and their prognostic role in patients with ACLF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Thorac Dis
February 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
Background: High body mass index (BMI) is a prevalent risk factor in a growing octogenarian population undergoing curative surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Whilst BMI is paradoxically protective, its correlation with clinical frailty or objective fitness is unclear, due to the discrepancy of the ratio between muscle and adipose tissue. We aim to assess the relationship between sarcopenia and post operative survival and complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychogeriatrics
May 2025
Department of Geriatrics, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Background: We prospectively examined the prevalence, co-existence, and change of geriatric giant syndromes in older people over 2 years.
Methods: Two hundred and five older subjects were examined before and after 2 years. Ten geriatric giants were assessed at both time points: cognitive impairment, depression, orthostatic hypotension, polypharmacy, sarcopenia, dynapenia, falls, chronic pain, faecal and urinary incontinence.
Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by the gradual decline of muscle mass and strength, seriously affects the health and mobility of older adults. The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for sarcopenia, particularly the relationship between chronic diseases and lifestyle factors in individuals aged 60 and over.
Methods: This study used data from the Longitudinal Study on Health and Retirement in China (CHARLS) collected in 2011 and 2015.
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