Purpose: Sarcopenia is associated with poor outcomes, and evidence suggests an inverse relationship between skeletal muscle mass and cardiovascular risk. Sarcopenia has been studied after stroke, but its value as a risk factor for stroke has not been examined. This prospective cohort study measured sarcopenia in stroke/TIA patients at baseline to explore its role in predicting recurrent events.
Method: The Arterial Stiffness In lacunar Stroke and TIA (ASIST) study included 96 patients with TIA/lacunar stroke, of which 82 patients (mean age 71.2±10.8 years) had bioimpedance analysis to assess body composition. Skeletal Mass Index (SMI) was calculated and parameters of sarcopenia assessed using Davison (1) and Janssen (2) criteria. Recurrent cerebrovascular events were monitored over 5 years.
Results: Eighteen patients had recurrent events. On independent samples t test there were significantly more participants with sarcopenia in the recurrent events group (89% vs 56%, p<0.001) using Davison (1) criteria, as well as lower mean SMI, significantly more participants with diabetes and higher arterial stiffness. On binary logistic regression, the only significant predictors of recurrent events were SMI (p=0.036, hazard ratio=0.414, 95% confidence interval 0.195-0.948) and diabetes (p=0.004, hazard ratio=9.06, 95% confidence interval 2.009-40.860) when corrected for age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors. Using Janssen (2) criteria in the regression, severe sarcopenia was a significant predictor of recurrent events (p=0.028). There was a significant association between sarcopenia and recurrent events on Chi square based on Davison (p=0.02) and Janssen (p=0.034) definitions.
Conclusions: The presence of baseline sarcopenia in stroke and TIA patients is an independent predictor of recurrent events.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.106979 | DOI Listing |
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
Background: The efficacy and safety of P2Y12 inhibitors (P2Y12i) with aspirin in patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic cerebrovascular events remains a topic of ongoing debate. Therefore, we conducted an updated meta-analysis to compare these drugs with aspirin alone.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the two treatment regimens in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular events.
Acta Neurol Belg
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Shamir Medical Center, Be`er Ya`akov, Israel.
Background: Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a benign neurological syndrome of unknown etiology, causing sudden anterograde amnesia that lasts up to 24 h. During the episode of TGA, other cognitive functions are normal. This is the first study describing the characteristics of the disease in Israel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital,Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Approximately 90% of glioblastoma recurrences occur in the peritumoral brain zone (PBZ), while the spatial heterogeneity of the PBZ is not well studied. In this study, two PBZ tissues and one tumor tissue sample are obtained from each patient via preoperative imaging. We assess the microenvironment and the characteristics of infiltrating immune/tumor cells using various techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsia
December 2024
Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Objectives: The pathophysiological mechanisms of status epilepticus (SE) underlying potential brain injury remain largely unclear. This study aims to employ functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) combined with video-electroencephalography (vEEG) to monitor brain hemodynamics continuously and non-invasively in critically ill adult patients experiencing electrographic SE. Our primary focus is to investigate neurovascular coupling and cerebrovascular changes associated with seizures, particularly during recurring and/or prolonged episodes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Atheroscler Thromb
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Hospital.
Aims: Several risk-scoring models, including the Fukuoka Stroke Risk Score, Essen Stroke Risk Score, and Stroke Prognosis Instrument II, have been developed to predict recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with ischemic stroke. As myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke are both atherosclerotic diseases, these scoring models in the field of cerebrovascular disease may be applicable and useful for risk stratification in patients with acute MI. We therefore evaluated the diagnostic ability and clinical applicability of these stroke risk scores in predicting atherosclerotic events after acute MI.
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