A deficiency in accurate and current regulations, along with a lack of experience in sanitary construction, makes the installation of sewers challenging. Using models, it was determined that if the pumps were operated simultaneously, the service would last for a long time over the entire sewer system. With a daily sewage inflow of 468 dm, the system was found to run 14.4-14.7% longer than expected at 100 pumping stations. Each month, the pressure-sensitive sewer system receives more than 51 min of extended service from the city's central sewer system. Increasing wastewater inflow and the number of pumps decrease centrifugal pump capacity. In the study, the main findings were related to the number of pumps. With 100 centrifugal pumps simultaneously, the pressure-based system was most effective. An increase in operation time of 18.4-19.1% was observed over a period of 30 days and an average sewage inflow of 705 dm for each. In place of gravity sewerage, sewerage can be used. Pressure sewer systems should be designed in a way that addresses technical as well as economic concerns. Accordingly, this study indicates that pressure sewerage is a viable alternative to gravity sewerage in villages with scattered drinking water supplies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020524 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30459 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address:
With the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), which according to Larsen et al. (2021), describes the science of linking pathogens and chemicals found in wastewater to population-level health, received an enormous boost worldwide. The basic procedure in WBE is to analyse pathogen concentrations and to relate these measurements to cases from clinical data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
ONHEALTH, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain. Electronic address:
Urban stormwater and rainwater in water-stressed cities serve as critical vectors for the transport and dispersion of pollutants, including very mobile compounds These pollutants, which can be influenced by factors such as land use, rainfall intensity, and urban infrastructure, pose significant risks to both human and environmental health. Although several priority pollutants have traditionally been detected in urban stormwater, little is known about the presence of very mobile compounds that may threaten urban drinking water supplies and pose environmental risks to aquatic species. In this study, 131 urban rain and stormwater samples were collected from three districts of Barcelona (Spain) and analysed for 26 very mobile pollutants that are often overlooked in conventional monitoring efforts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res X
January 2025
Department of Systemic Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
Due to accelerating climate change and the need for new development to accommodate population growth, adaptation of urban drainage systems has become a pressing issue in cities. Questions arise whether decentralised urban drainage systems are a better alternative to centralised systems, and whether Nature Based Solutions' (NBS) multifunctionality also brings economic benefits. This research aims to develop spatio-economic scenarios to support cities in increasing their resilience to urban flooding with NBS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
December 2024
Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address:
At the end of 2022, a sudden policy shift in China triggered an unprecedented COVID-19 outbreak that led to a dramatic increase in the consumption of antipyretics. In this study, the occurrence of the two most commonly used antipyretics (ibuprofen and paracetamol) and their metabolites were analyzed in the wastewater of nine major cities in China, covering the periods before, during, and after the policy change. The remarkable surge after the policy change for ibuprofen and paracetamol reached 67 times (in Nanning) and 311 times (in Lanzhou) compared to pre-pandemic levels, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
December 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA27AY, UK; SWING - Department of Built Environment, Oslo Metropolitan Uni., St Olavs Plass, Oslo 0130, Norway. Electronic address:
Urban water systems receive and emit antimicrobial chemicals, resistant bacterial strains, and resistance genes (ARGs), thus representing "antimicrobial hotspots". Currently, regional environmental risk assessment (ERA) is carried out using drug consumption data and threshold concentrations derived based on chemical-specific minimum inhibitory concentration values. A legislative proposal by the European Commission released in 2022 addresses the need to include selected ARGs besides the chemical concentration-based ERAs.
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