The diffusion of small particles is omnipresent in many processes occurring in nature. As such, it is widely studied and exerted in almost all branches of sciences. It constitutes such a broad and often rather complex subject of exploration that we opt here to narrow our survey to the case of the diffusion coefficient for a Brownian particle that can be modeled in the framework of Langevin dynamics. Our main focus centers on the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient for several fundamental models of diverse physical systems. Starting out with diffusion in equilibrium for which the Einstein theory holds, we consider a number of physical situations outside of free Brownian motion and end by surveying nonequilibrium diffusion for a time-periodically driven Brownian particle dwelling randomly in a periodic potential. For this latter situation the diffusion coefficient exhibits an intriguingly non-monotonic dependence on temperature.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857877 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010042 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Discrimination of benign, atypical, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours in neurofibromatosis type 1 - intraindividual comparison of positron emission computed tomography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.
EJNMMI Res
December 2024
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
Background: To intraindividually compare the diagnostic performance of positron emission computed tomography (F-18-FDG-PET/CT) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in a non-inferiority design for the discrimination of peripheral nerve sheath tumours as benign (BPNST), atypical (ANF), or malignant (MPNST) in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
Results: In this prospective single-centre study, thirty-four NF1 patients (18 male; 30 ± 11 years) underwent F-18-FDG-PET/CT and multi-b-value DW-MRI (11 b-values 0 - 800 s/mm²) at 3T. Sixty-six lesions corresponding to 39 BPNST, 11 ANF, and 16 MPNST were evaluated.
Magnetic resonance imaging features of uterine adenosarcoma: case series and systematic review.
Abdom Radiol (NY)
December 2024
Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Objectives: To comprehensively summarize the characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of uterine adenosarcoma through a systematic review and case series analysis.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase databases on June 3, 2024. In total, 25 cases from 23 articles were selected, and five cases from the authors' institution were included.
Effects of Ti Doping on the Structural Stability and Electrochemical Performance of Layered P2-NaMnO Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries.
Nanomaterials (Basel)
December 2024
School of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
The P2-NaMnO cathode material has long been constrained by phase transitions induced by the Jahn-Teller (J-T) effect during charge-discharge cycles, leading to suboptimal electrochemical performance. In this study, we employed a liquid phase co-precipitation method to incorporate Ti during the precursor MnO synthesis, followed by calcination to obtain NaTiMnO materials. We investigated the effects of Ti doping on the structure, morphology, Mn concentration, and Na diffusion coefficients of NaTiMnO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Trial of Autologous Dendritic Cell Administration Effect on Water Molecule Diffusion and Anti-Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Kidney Disease.
Curr Issues Mol Biol
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Science, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, Indonesia.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) significantly increases mortality, with patients facing a fourfold risk of death within ten years. Chronic inflammation, marked by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) activity, contributes to kidney damage and fibrosis. This study investigates the effect of autologous dendritic cells on inflammation and kidney function, focusing on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), TGF-β, and ICAM-1 levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConcave Magnetic-Responsive Hydrogel Discs for Enhanced Bioassays.
Biosensors (Basel)
December 2024
School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Receptor-based biosensors often suffer from slow analyte diffusion, leading to extended assay times. Moreover, existing methods to enhance diffusion can be complex and costly. In response to this challenge, we presented a rapid and cost-effective technique for fabricating concave magnetic-responsive hydrogel discs (CMDs) by straightforward pipetting directly onto microscope glass slides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!