Objectives: The relationship between childhood anthropometric measurements and dental caries has an inconsistent evidence-base. This study investigated dental caries experience and body mass index (BMI) measurements of children aged 4 years in a national cohort, after accounting for key confounding variables.
Methods: A near whole-population cross-sectional study of children who had a health and developmental assessment, as part of the nationwide B4 School Check screening program, conducted in Aotearoa | New Zealand (ANZ) between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2021 was studied. The extracted database included 582 820 children, of whom 572 523 (98.2%) had valid BMI and oral health records. Dental caries experience was derived from the 'lift the lip' oral health screening, and measured height and weight were used to calculate sex-specific BMI-for-age z-scores (BMIz). Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity and area-level deprivation. Modified Poisson regression models using 2-degree fractional polynomial curves for BMIz were employed.
Results: In the extracted sample, the median age was 4.3 years (interquartile range: 4.1-4.5 years), 283 565 (48.7%) were female, 135 734 (23.4%) and 74 237 (12.8%) were identified as Māori and Pacific, respectively, and 140 931 (24.4%) lived in the most deprived areas of ANZ. Overall, 81 926 (14.2%) had dental caries identified. In unadjusted analyses, a significant J-shaped association was observed between dental caries experience and BMIz. However, in the adjusted analysis, a significant flattened S-shaped association was found; those with lower BMIz had lower predicted probabilities of dental caries experience. Large differences in predicted probabilities were observed between different sex, ethnicity and area-level deprivation groups.
Conclusions: This study found significant non-linear associations between dental caries experience and BMI in 4-year-old children. However, the inclusion of confounders importantly changed the shape of this non-linear association. Sex, ethnicity and area-level deprivation inequalities had a greater impact on dental caries experience than BMI.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12837 | DOI Listing |
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent
November 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Background: This case report examines the efficacy of intentional reimplantation (IR) in endodontics and explores the increased interest driven by recent advancements in regenerative techniques.
Case Presentation: A 14-year-old male patient reported pain in the lower left back tooth (tooth #36). The radiographic assessment revealed a 4 mm × 4 mm periapical cyst.
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent
November 2024
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr D Y Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Introduction: Utilizing 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been demonstrated in clinical trials to prevent and halt early childhood caries (ECC). Based on a research evaluation, it has been found that 38% SDF can effectively prevent new tooth decay and stop existing tooth decay in children's primary teeth.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the survival of teeth treated with repeated applications of 38% SDF in children with ECC and to compare the outcomes between single and multiple applications.
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent
November 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Aim And Background: The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) are escalating in all frontiers, specifically healthcare. It constitutes the umbrella term for a number of technologies that enable machines to independently solve problems they have not been programmed to address. With its aid, patient management, diagnostics, treatment planning, and interventions can be significantly improved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Res
January 2025
Basel Academy for Quality and Research in Medicine, Steinenring 6, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.
Background: Heterogeneous results are to be expected when multiple raters diagnose whether the dentine of a tooth with erosive tooth wear (ETW) is exposed or not. Identification of notions (fundamental concepts and understanding) about the diagnostic problem shared by groups of raters can be helpful to develop guidelines and to optimize teaching and calibration procedures. We aim to illustrate how clusters of raters with a common notion can be identified and how first insights about the notions can be obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Transl Med
January 2025
Dental School, The University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
Background: Treatment of deep carious lesions poses significant challenges in dentistry, as complete lesion removal risks compromising pulp vitality, while selective removal often reduces the longevity of restorations. Herein, we propose a minimally invasive approach using High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for microscale removal of carious dentine. Concurrently, HIFU's antimicrobial effects against associated cariogenic biofilms and the corresponding thermal and biological impacts on surrounding tissues were investigated.
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