Microbiota-induced active translocation of peptidoglycan across the intestinal barrier dictates its within-host dissemination.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS Unité Mixe de Recherche 6047, INSERM U1306, Unité de Biologie et génétique de la paroi bactérienne F-75015, Paris, France.

Published: January 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • Peptidoglycan is a big part of the cell wall in bacteria and can influence how our bodies act when it gets into them.
  • Researchers studied how peptidoglycan moves from our intestines into our bodies and found it tends to go to certain organs, especially the brain.
  • The movement of peptidoglycan is controlled by the body's nervous system and is helped by good bacteria in our gut.

Article Abstract

Peptidoglycan, the major structural polymer forming the cell wall of bacteria, is an important mediator of physiological and behavioral effects in mammalian hosts. These effects are frequently linked to its translocation from the intestinal lumen to host tissues. However, the modality and regulation of this translocation across the gut barrier has not been precisely addressed. In this study, we characterized the absorption of peptidoglycan across the intestine and its systemic dissemination. We report that peptidoglycan has a distinct tropism for host organs when absorbed via the gut, most notably by favoring access to the brain. We demonstrate that intestinal translocation of peptidoglycan occurs through a microbiota-induced active process. This process is regulated by the parasympathetic pathway via the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Together, this study reveals fundamental parameters concerning the uptake of a major microbiota molecular signal from the steady-state gut.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942837PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2209936120DOI Listing

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