AI Article Synopsis

  • The project aimed to implement contact investigation (CI) methods in national tuberculosis programs across eight countries, focusing on children under 5 years and people living with HIV (PLHIV).
  • Over 9,000 home and clinic visits were conducted, revealing that 2.6% of children and 10.1% of PLHIV screened were diagnosed with active TB, with a high treatment uptake for both groups.
  • The initiative showed that CI can be effectively scaled up within existing TB programs in several African countries, leading to a successful implementation in six out of the eight participating nations by the end of 2021.

Article Abstract

The objective was to implement CI under national tuberculosis programmatic conditions and to advocate for its scaling up. Contact investigation was implemented in 150 Basic Management Units identified across eight countries. The target populations (children <5 years and persons living with HIV (PLHIV)) were evaluated during home and clinic visits using standardized tools, clinical examinations and, according to each country, additional tests. Contacts with active TB received TB treatment and those eligible received TB preventive therapy (TPT). Data were collected each quarter using standardized forms. Meetings were organized with partners to share preliminary results and advocate for scaling up. From October 2020 to December 2021, 9049 home visits were performed. The proportions of children <5 years and PLHIV who were screened and diagnosed with active TB were, respectively, 2.6% and 10.1%. Ninety-three percent of children <5 years and 98% of PLHIV living at home received TPT or TB treatment, respectively. The scale-up for contact investigation partially or at national level in 2022 was effective in six of the eight countries included in the project. These results indicate that CI is feasible under programmatic conditions within the National TB Programs of African countries.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866584PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8010029DOI Listing

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