The fall armyworm (FAW), (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a migratory pest endemic, to tropical and subtropical regions of America. Biological control can effectively and sustainably control pests over a long period of time while reducing the frequency of pesticide use and ensuring the safety of agricultural produce. In our study, the egg-larval species () from parasitized eggs of in Zambia were described and identified based on morphological and genetic characteristics. To evaluate the efficiency of , their parasitism suitability on 0- to 2-day FAW eggs under laboratory conditions was compared. The results showed that could accept all FAW eggs at 0-, 1- and 2-day-old age and complete development successfully. Significant differences were found among 0-, 1-, and 2-day-old host eggs with respect to egg-larva developmental duration of , and the egg-larva developmental duration on 2-day-old eggs was significantly lower than those on 0- and 1-day-old eggs. No significant differences were observed in the parasitism, pupation, emergence, and female rates for on various age eggs of FAW. Generally, the parasitism rate, pupal rate, and emergence rate at various ages of FAW eggs were higher than 90%, 75%, and 82%, respectively, and the longevity of female parasitoids was longer than male parasitoids, and the sex ratio of females to males was nearly 1:1. Our results indicate that performed well on various ages of FAW eggs and is a potential biological control agent against FAW in Africa.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14010061 | DOI Listing |
Insects
November 2024
Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1 Xuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
The fall armyworm (FAW), , is a major polyphagous pest that mainly feeds on maize and other cash crops. Understanding 's behavior on different host plants facilitates the development of effective integrated pest management (IPM) plans. Therefore, this study investigated the oviposition preferences of females among different host plants using no-choice, two-choice, and multiple-choice bioassays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiome
November 2024
Ecology and Environment College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China.
Background: The fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) threatens maize production worldwide, and benzoxazinoids (Bxs) are known as the main secondary metabolites produced by maize to defend against FAW. However, we do not yet know whether and in what ways certain endophytes in the digestive system of FAW can metabolize Bxs, thus enhancing the fitness of FAW when feeding on maize.
Results: Using Bxs as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, we isolated Pantoea dispersa from the guts of FAW.
Sci Rep
November 2024
City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Arid Lands Cultivations Research Institute, New Borg El-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), is a significant pest threatening crops like maize across Africa, necessitating sustainable pest management alternatives. This study evaluates the efficacy of Trichogramma evanescens as a biological control agent against FAW egg masses in Egypt under laboratory and semi-field conditions. FAW larvae were initially collected from infested maize fields and reared on castor-oil plant leaves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBraz J Biol
October 2024
Mansoura University, Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura, Egypt.
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an invasive and polyphagous pest affecting various vital crops globally, was studied to assess how different maize hybrids impact its biological parameters under controlled laboratory conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
September 2024
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya.
Fall armyworm (FAW), is a generalist pest known to feed on more than 300 plant species, including major staple crops such as rice, maize and sorghum. Biological control of FAW using a combination of a major indigenous egg parasitoid and entomopathogenic fungi was explored in this study. strains (ICIPE 7, ICIPE 41, and ICIPE 78) and ICIPE 621 which demonstrated effectiveness to combat the pest, were evaluated through direct and indirect fungal infection to assess their pathogenicity and virulence against adults, eggs and their effects on parasitism rates.
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