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Bioinformatic analysis of the S protein of human respiratory coronavirus. | LitMetric

Bioinformatic analysis of the S protein of human respiratory coronavirus.

Mol Phylogenet Evol

College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address:

Published: April 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study utilized bioinformatics to analyze the structure of the spike (S) protein in four human respiratory coronaviruses: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-HKU1, and SARS-CoV-2.
  • - Key features of the S proteins, such as transmembrane regions, signal peptides, phosphorylation, glycosylation sites, and epitopes were identified, suggesting their potential roles in binding to host cells and influencing the virus's behavior.
  • - The findings highlight two main structural domains of the S proteins and provide essential information for developing antiviral drugs, vaccines, and antibodies against these coronaviruses.

Article Abstract

The present study aimed to apply bioinformatic methods to analyze the structure of the S protein of human respiratory coronaviruses, including severe respiratory disease syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1), and severe respiratory disease syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We predicted and analyzed the physicochemical properties, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, transmembrane regions, signal peptides, phosphorylation and glycosylation sites, epitopes, functional domains, and motifs of the S proteins of human respiratory coronaviruses. All four S proteins contain a transmembrane region, which enables them to bind to host cell surface receptors. All four S proteins contain a signal peptide, phosphorylation sites, glycosylation sites, and epitopes. The predicted phosphorylation sites might mediate S protein activation, the glycosylation sites might affect the cellular orientation of the virus, and the predicted epitopes might have implications for the design of antiviral inhibitors. The S proteins of all four viruses have two structural domains, S1 (C-terminal and N-terminal domains) and S2 (homology region 1 and 2). Our bioinformatic analysis of the structural and functional domains of human respiratory coronavirus S proteins provides a basis for future research to develop broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, vaccines, and antibodies.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9840983PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107704DOI Listing

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