[Bcl-2-proteins and neurotrophins as important factors for the survival of peripheral neurons in transgenic animals].

Apoptosis is an orderly, active process with the activation of certain genes that allows the cell to follow the path of programmed death. During embryogenesis, programmed cell death templates are essential for the proper formation of organs and the functioning of the nervous system in the regression of primary or abnormal structures. Increased cell mortality in the mature nervous system can lead to various neurodegenerative diseases. For these reasons, the Bcl-2 protein family is being studied intensively in connection with the function of the nervous system. Programmed cell death (PCD) makes it possible to eliminate superfluous cells and thus contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis in the body. Malregulation of apoptosis is characteristic of tumour processes, degenerative changes and autoimmune diseases. Research into gene expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins using knock-out technology is currently raising great hopes for the treatment of patients affected by neurodegenerative changes.