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Non-invasive brain stimulation over the Frontopolar Cortex promotes willingness to exert cognitive effort in a foraging-like sequential choice task.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Individuals avoid spending cognitive effort unless expected rewards offset the perceived costs. Recent work employing tasks that provide explicit information about demands and incentives, suggests causal involvement of the Frontopolar Cortex (FPC) in effort-based decision-making. Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), we examined whether the FPC's role in motivating effort generalizes to sequential choice problems in which task demand and reward rates vary indirectly and as a function of experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpiking-PhysFormer: Camera-based remote photoplethysmography with parallel spike-driven transformer.
Neural Netw
January 2025
Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can help camera-based remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) in measuring cardiac activity and physiological signals from facial videos, such as pulse wave, heart rate and respiration rate with better accuracy. However, most existing ANN-based methods require substantial computing resources, which poses challenges for effective deployment on mobile devices. Spiking neural networks (SNNs), on the other hand, hold immense potential for energy-efficient deep learning owing to their binary and event-driven architecture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAI Foundation Models for Wearable Movement Data in Mental Health Research.
ArXiv
January 2025
Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States.
Pretrained foundation models and transformer architectures have driven the success of large language models (LLMs) and other modern AI breakthroughs. However, similar advancements in health data modeling remain limited due to the need for innovative adaptations. Wearable movement data offers a valuable avenue for exploration, as it's a core feature in nearly all commercial smartwatches, well established in clinical and mental health research, and the sequential nature of the data shares similarities to language.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSequential delivery of cardioactive drugs via microcapped microneedle patches for improved heart function in post myocardial infarction rats.
Acta Biomater
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- After a heart attack, the heart experiences negative changes like inflammation and fibrosis, which can lead to worsening heart function.
- The study focuses on a new microneedle patch that can release multiple medications in a timed sequence to target these changes effectively.
- Testing on rats showed that this patch improved heart health by reducing inflammation and enhancing function compared to a control patch, suggesting it's a promising approach for post-heart attack treatment.
Maximizing Aesthetic Outcomes in Delayed Breast Reconstruction: the Be.A.U.T-I.F.U.L. DIEP Step-by-Step Inset Technique.
Aesthetic Plast Surg
December 2024
Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Introduction: In microvascular breast reconstruction, the focus has shifted to achieving aesthetically pleasing results. Delayed breast reconstruction poses challenges such as ensuring natural ptosis and avoiding a "patch" effect. The Be.
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