AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the gender disparities in bladder cancer, highlighting that men are diagnosed less severely than women, who face a worse prognosis.
- A total of 460 patients (131 women and 329 men) were analyzed, showing that women were diagnosed with muscle-invasive cancer more often and experienced earlier recurrences.
- Female patients had a 47% higher rate of cancer-specific mortality compared to males, indicating significant differences that require further research into the underlying causes.
Article Abstract
Objective: The incidence of bladder cancer is three times as high in men compared to women. Moreover, women are generally diagnosed with a more severe tumor stage and have poorer prognosis. This study aimed to examine the association between gender, stage, and prognosis among a subgroup of bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy.
Patients And Methods: A total of 460 patients (131 women, 329 men) with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy at Aarhus University Hospital in 2015-2018 were retrospectively selected for this study and followed until 2021 at the latest. Correlations between gender, patient and tumor characteristics and oncological outcomes were analyzed by the Chi-squared test. By the use of multiple linear regression, we adjusted for age, comorbidity and the proportion of organ-confined and non-organ-confined disease at diagnosis.
Results: Female patients were found to be younger and less comorbid than male patients. A higher proportion of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and non-organ-confined disease at the time of cystectomy was observed among female patients. Recurrence of cancer occurred 3.4 (0.1-6.7) months earlier in female patients, and they had a 47% higher cancer-specific mortality (RR = 1.47 (1.04-2.1)) compared to male patients. In the adjusted analysis, the association of an earlier recurrence in female patients remained.
Conclusion: This study verifies that gender disparities exist among bladder cancer patients, even after adjusting for age, comorbidity and for the proportion of organ-confined and non-organ-confined disease at cystectomy. Further investigations are required to investigate the etiology of this observed difference between sexes.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21681805.2023.2166103 | DOI Listing |
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