AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to investigate the relationship between tumor markers (CEA and CA19-9) and malignancies in type 2 diabetes patients who showed no signs of cancer at the time of admission.
  • Out of 707 patients, 26 (3.7%) were diagnosed with malignancies during their hospital stay, and 30 out of 681 without initial malignancies developed cancer over an average follow-up of 3.9 years.
  • The study found that CA19-9 levels were particularly useful in identifying potential malignancies, and combining it with other factors improved the prediction of cancer risk in these patients.

Article Abstract

Aim: To cross-sectionally and longitudinally investigate the association between tumor markers (Cancer embryonic antigen (CEA) Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9)) and malignancies in type 2 diabetes patients without evidence of malignancy.

Materials And Methods: The study included 707 patients admitted for the treatment of diabetes from 1 August 2010 to 1 September 2018. Serum CEA and CA19-9 levels were measured for screening of malignancies at admission. Abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and endoscopy were performed for close examination. The percentage of patients diagnosed with malignancy was calculated, and among those without malignancy, the incidence of malignancies was examined after discharge.

Results: A total of 26 patients (3.7%) were newly diagnosed with malignancy during hospitalization. The optimal cut-off value of CEA and CA19-9 by receiver operating characteristic analysis was 5.0 ng/mL and 75 U/mL, and their positive predictive values (PPV) were 8.7% and 22.5%, respectively. The addition of CA19-9 to age, smoking status, body mass index, and glycated hemoglobin significantly improved classification performance for malignancy using net reclassification improvement (0.682, 95% CI 0.256-1.107) and integrated discrimination improvement (0.150, 95% CI 0.007-0.294). Among 681 patients without malignancies during hospitalization, 30 patients (4.4%) developed malignancies during an average follow-up of 3.9 years. CA19-9 (hazard ratio: 1.005, 95% CI: 1.003-1.008) was associated with the development of malignancies.

Conclusions: PPV of serum CEA and CA19-9 for detecting malignancy was high in type 2 diabetes patients with poor glycemic control. Measuring CA19-9 was found to be valuable to cross-sectionally and longitudinally detect malignancies.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-022-00594-x.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9829951PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13340-022-00594-xDOI Listing

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