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Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Background And Purpose: Thinning of the retinal combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIP) as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a common finding in patients with multiple sclerosis. This study aimed to investigate whether a single retinal OCT analysis allows prediction of future disease activity after a first demyelinating event.
Methods: This observational cohort study included 201 patients with recently diagnosed clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis from two German tertiary referral centers. Individuals underwent neurological examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and OCT at baseline and at yearly follow-up visits.
Results: Patients were included at a median disease duration of 2.0 months. During a median follow-up of 59 (interquartile range = 43-71) months, 82% of patients had ongoing disease activity as demonstrated by failing the no evidence of disease activity 3 (NEDA-3) criteria, and 19% presented with confirmed disability worsening. A GCIP threshold of ≤77 μm at baseline identified patients with a high risk for NEDA-3 failure (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-2.8, p = 0.04), and GCIP measures of ≤69 μm predicted disability worsening (HR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2-4.3, p = 0.01). Higher rates of annualized GCIP loss increased the risk for disability worsening (HR = 2.5 per 1 μm/year increase of GCIP loss, p = 0.03).
Conclusions: Ganglion cell thickness as measured by OCT after the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis may allow early risk stratification as to future disease activity and progression.
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Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.15681 | DOI Listing |
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