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Evidence for direct dopaminergic connections between substantia nigra pars compacta and thalamus in young healthy humans.
Front Neural Circuits
January 2025
Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Advanced MRI Research Center, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
The substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), one of the main dopaminergic nuclei of the brain, exerts a regulatory function on the basal ganglia circuitry via the nigro-striatal pathway but its possible dopaminergic innervation of the thalamus has been only investigated in non-human primates. The impossibility of tract-tracing studies in humans has boosted advanced MRI techniques and multi-shell high-angular resolution diffusion MRI (MS-HARDI) has promised to shed more light on the structural connectivity of subcortical structures. Here, we estimated the possible dopaminergic innervation of the human thalamus via an MS-HARDI tractography of the SNc in healthy human young adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociations between CAG repeat size, brain and spinal cord volume loss, and motor symptoms in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: a cohort study.
Orphanet J Rare Dis
January 2025
Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a hereditary disease caused by abnormally expanded CAG repeats in the ATXN3 gene. The study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for assessing therapeutic efficacy by investigating the associations between expanded CAG repeat size, brain and spinal cord volume loss, and motor functions in patients with SCA3.
Methods: In this prospective, cross-observational study, we analyzed 3D T1-weighted MRIs from 92 patients with SCA3 and 42 healthy controls using voxel-based morphometry and region of interest approaches.
Investigating the association between human brainstem microstructural integrity and hypertension using magnetic resonance relaxometry.
Hypertens Res
January 2025
Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, 21224, MD, USA.
The brainstem plays a vital role in regulating blood pressure, and disruptions to its neural pathways have been linked to hypertension. However, it remains unclear whether subtle microstructural changes in the brainstem are associated with an individual's blood pressure status. This exploratory, cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between brainstem microstructure, myelination, and hypertensive status in 116 cognitively unimpaired adults (aged 22-94 years).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical features of recurrent MOG antibody-associated cortical encephalitis in adults.
Neurol Sci
January 2025
The People's Hospital of Xinchang, Shaoxing, 312500, Zhejiang, China.
Objective: To clarify the clinical features of recurrent myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated cortical encephalitis (MOGCE) in adults.
Methods: We present an adult case of recurrent MOGCE and summarize the clinical symptoms, imaging findings, treatment and prognosis of this phenotype as per a systematic review of the literature.
Results: We identified 9 adult patients with recurrent MOGCE.
Causal associations between iron levels in subcortical brain regions and psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study.
Transl Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Despite observational studies linking brain iron levels to psychiatric disorders, the exact causal relationship remains poorly understood. This study aims to examine the relationship between iron levels in specific subcortical brain regions and the risk of psychiatric disorders. Utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, this study investigates the causal associations between iron level changes in 16 subcortical nuclei and eight major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and insomnia.
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