Objective: To compare sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) incidence rates over the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and the COVID-19 vaccination campaign periods to pre-COVID-19 periods.
Study Design: Retrospective cohort.
Setting: Secondary hospital.
Patients: Patients >12 years with auditory-confirmed SSNHL were enrolled. COVID-19 status and BNT162 inoculation records ≤28 days before SSNHL diagnosis were retrieved. Patients were categorized according to their date of presentation over four equal periods: 1) July 2018-April 2019 (first prepandemic period), 2) May 2019-February 2020 (second prepandemic period), 3) March 2020-December 2020 (COVID-19 outbreak), and 4) January 2021-October 2021 (BNT162b2 vaccinations campaign).
Interventions: Pre- and post-COVID-19 emergence; BNT162b2 vaccine.
Main Outcome Measures: Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to compare SSNHL cases during the COVID-19 and vaccination periods with pre-COVID-19 periods.
Results: Of the 100 patients with SSNHL over the four periods, 1 had COVID-19 and 8 were vaccinated. The annual SSNHL incidence was 12.87, 12.28, 13.45, and 19.89 per 100,000 over periods 1 to 4, respectively. SSNHL incidence over the third period was not significantly different than the first/second periods (IRR = 1.045, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.629-1.85, ρ = 0.788, and IRR = 1.095, 95% CI = 0.651-1.936, ρ = 0.683, respectively), whereas SSNHL incidence rate over the fourth period was higher (IRR = 1.545, 95% CI = 0.967-2.607, ρ = 0.068, and IRR = 1.619, 95% CI = 1-2.73, ρ = 0.05, respectively). SSNHL incidence in vaccine recipients was lower than prepandemic unvaccinated patients (IRR = 0.584, 95% CI =0.464-1.67, ρ = 0.984, and IRR = 0.612, 95% CI =0.48-1.744, ρ = 0.92, respectively).
Conclusion: There were fewer SSNHL cases during the first COVID-19 months. Although the SSNHL rate over the COVID-19 vaccination campaign increased, it was not higher for patients who received the BNT162b2 vaccine.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0000000000003777 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the connection between sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and various cholesterol levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C).
- Significant findings indicate that high total cholesterol (TC) is associated with an increased risk of SSNHL, with a confidence interval showing a strong link (95% CI, 1.34-2.91).
- Additionally, the research highlights the importance of considering confounding factors and notes the presence of publication bias in studies linking TC levels to SSNHL prognosis.
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