Mitigating the loss and negative impacts of reactive N from fertilized soils remains a global environmental challenge. To optimize N retention by biochar, bamboo and pig manure biochars were modified as MgO- and sepiolite-biochar composites and characterized. Novel soil application of the modified biochars and their raw forms were comparatively evaluated for N-retention in a fertilized soil leached for 90 days in a column experiment. Changes in N-cycling-related enzyme and bacterial structure were also reported after 90 days. Results revealed low leaching losses of NH, which reduced over time across all the treatments. However, while sole fertilizer (F) increased the initial and cumulative NO leached from the soil, the MgO-bamboo biochar (MgOBF) and sepiolite-bamboo biochar (SBF) treatments reduced leachate NO by 22.1 % and 10.5 % compared to raw bamboo biochar (BBF) treatment. However, 15.5 % more NO was leached from the MgO-pig manure biochar-treated soil (MgOPF) compared to its raw biochar treatment (PMBF) after 90 days. Dissolved organic N leached was reduced by 9.2 % and 0.5 % in MgOBF and SBF, as well as 15.4 % and 40.5 % in MgOPF and SPF compared to their respective raw forms. The total N of the biochars, adjustment of surface charges, cation exchange capacity, surface area, pore filling effects, and the formation of potential MgN precipitates on the modified-biochar surfaces regulated N leaching/retention. In addition, the modified biochar treatments reduced the hydrolysis of urea and stimulated some nitrate-reduction-related bacteria crucial for NO retention. Hence, unlike the raw biochar and MgOPF treatments, MgOBF, SBF, and SPF hold promise in mitigating inorganic-N losses from fertilized soils while improving the soil's chemical properties.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161358 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
January 2025
Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Mekelle Soil Research Center, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Sesame ( L.) is an important cash crop and plays a vital role in many people's livelihoods in Ethiopia. However, its production is low due to many constraints, and low soil fertility is among the major.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Bot
January 2025
Department of Biosciences, University of Milan (UNIMI), Milan, Italy.
Oryza sativa is one of the most important crops and a food source for billions of people. Anthropic global warming, soil erosion, and unstable environmental conditions affect both its vegetative and reproductive growth, and consequently the final yield of its cultivation. The reproductive phase starts with the transition of apical meristem from vegetative to reproductive, which develops into a panicle, proceeds through the differentiation of the floret, and, after fertilization, the filling of the grain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistryOpen
January 2025
Department of Chemical Oceanography, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.
The alga contains salt and heavy metals that are accumulated in algae poses a significant challenge to the safe use of algae in soil fertilization and other applications. This study examines the relevance of algal biomass as an environmentally friendly fertilizer, thereby contributing to sustainable coastal management practices. In this study, the hot and cold extraction method were done to obtain the Ulva rigida extract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Environmental Health, Institute of Public Health, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
The objective of this study is to enhance the capacity of struvite-phosphate forming reactor utilized in the production of phosphorus fertilizer from wastewater collected from mobile toilets, characterized by phosphorus (P) concentrations of 5.0 ± 1.1 g/l.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China. Electronic address:
Microplastic contamination of low-density polyethylene mulch and nutrient loss from fertilizers present significant challenges in the crop-growing. In this study, the focus was on creating a biodegradable film that combines the advantages of plastic film, thermal insulation and water retention, as well as the controlled release of fertilizer. A key innovation was the efficient introduction of low molecular weight and low dispersibility of poplar lignin into chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol matrices.
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