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Hypothesis on the outflow of optic nerve cerebrospinal fluid in spaceflight associated neuro ocular syndrome.
NPJ Microgravity
December 2024
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) has been well documented in astronauts. However, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. New findings indicate the impaired outflow of the optic nerve cerebrospinal fluid may participate or contribute to some changes in SANS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo assess the impact of microgravity exposure on ocular rigidity (OR), intraocular pressure (IOP), and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) following long-term space missions. OR was evaluated using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and deep learning-based choroid segmentation. IOP and OPA were measured with the PASCAL Dynamic Contour Tonometer (DCT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe optic nerve in spaceflight: novel concepts in the pathogenesis of optic disc edema in microgravity.
Curr Opin Neurol
February 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston.
Purpose Of Review: Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) encompasses a unique constellation of neuro-ocular findings in astronauts, including optic disc edema (ODE), globe flattening, chorioretinal folds, and hyperopic refractive shift. Although there are numerous neuro-ocular findings in SANS, the purpose of this review is to describe the novel, emerging concepts of the pathogenesis for the ODE specifically in SANS.
Recent Findings: While the initial hypotheses on the pathogenesis of ODE in SANS focused on possible elevated intracranial pressures (i.
Artificial Gravity Attenuates the Transcriptomic Response to Spaceflight in the Optic Nerve and Retina.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Astronauts in deep space are at risk for eye problems due to microgravity, which negatively impacts ocular health.
- Researchers studied mice on the ISS, exposing them to microgravity and varying levels of artificial gravity to assess the effects on their optic nerves and retinas.
- Results showed that microgravity raises oxidative stress, inflammation, and other negative changes in eye tissue, but adding artificial gravity can reduce these harmful effects.
Metabolic stress in space: ROS-induced mutations in mice hint at a new path to cancer.
Redox Biol
December 2024
Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Long-duration spaceflight beyond Earth's magnetosphere poses serious health risks, including muscle atrophy, bone loss, liver and kidney damage, and the Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). RNA-seq of mice aboard the International Space Station (ISS) for 37 days revealed extraordinary hypermutation in tissue-specific genes, with guanine base conversion predominating, potentially contributing to spaceflight-associated health risks. Our results suggest that the genome-wide accelerated mutation that we measured, seemingly independent of radiation dose, was induced by oxidative damage from higher atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) levels and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the ISS.
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