Gnathostoma malaysiae Miyazaki and Dunn, 1965 was found in the stomach wall of Rattus surifer, captured in Phuket Island and Khao Yai National Park of Thailand. This is the first to be recorded in Thailand and the second discovery after the first description of Miyazaki and Dunn (1965). Pathological findings of infected animals were also described. Some new morphological descriptions were added to the original.
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Vutrisiran in Patients with Transthyretin Amyloidosis with Cardiomyopathy.
N Engl J Med
January 2025
From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital (M.F., J.D.G.), and Richmond Pharmacology (J.T.), London, and the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glasgow (M.C.P.) - all in the United Kingdom; Boston University School of Medicine (J.L.B.) and the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital (S.D.S.) - both in Boston; the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (R.M.W.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Division of Cardiology, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia (B.D.); the Cardiology Department and French National Reference Centre for Cardiac Amyloidosis, GRC Amyloid Research Institute and Clinical Investigation Centre 1430 at Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), and Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, Université Paris Est Creteil, Creteil (T.D.), and the Department of Cardiology, French National Reference Center for Cardiac Amyloidosis, Bichat University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris (V.A.) - all in France; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Health Research Institute of the Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda-Segovia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.), and CIBER-CV (J.G.-C.), Madrid, and the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge, and Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (J.G.-C.) - all in Spain; MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Health, and Georgetown University School of Medicine - both in Washington, DC (F.H.S.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume (N.T.), and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto (K.T.) - both in Japan; the Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, and the Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg (C.M.), and the Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Münster, Münster (A.Y.) - both in Germany; the Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (Z.P.); the Department of Cardiology, University Health Network of Toronto, Toronto (D.D.); University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (P.V.M.); the Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, the Cardiology Department, St. Vincent's Hospital, and the School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales - all in Sydney (A.J.); the Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles-Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (A.B.); the Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (D.K.); the Cardiology Department, Hospital Senhora da Oliveira-Guimarães, Guimarães, and the School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga - both in Portugal (O.A.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); the Division of Translational Cardiology and Clinical Registries, Institute of Heart Diseases, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland (E.A.J.); Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA (A.S., P.P.G., K.L.B., E.Y., N.S., L.Y., J.C., S.A.E., J.V.); and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (M.S.M.).
Article Synopsis
- Transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a serious, progressive disease, and vutrisiran is a new treatment that works by reducing the production of transthyretin in the liver.
- In a double-blind trial involving 655 patients, those receiving vutrisiran had a lower risk of death and cardiovascular events compared to those on placebo, demonstrating significant efficacy.
- Vutrisiran also improved patient outcomes, showing less decline in walking distance and quality of life measurements over the study period compared to placebo.
Patisiran Treatment in Patients with Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis.
N Engl J Med
October 2023
From Columbia University Irving Medical Center (M.S.M.) and Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone (A.G.-D.) - both in New York; the Center for Advanced Heart and Lung Disease, Baylor University Medical Center (P.K., R.L.G.), Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, and Texas A&M Health Science Center, Dallas (R.L.G.), and TCU School of Medicine, Fort Worth (R.L.G.) - all in Texas; the National Amyloidosis Centre, UCL, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London (M.F., J.D.G.); Boston University School of Medicine (J.L.B.), the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital (S.D.S., M.D.C.), and the Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School (M.D.C.), Boston, and Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge (P.B., M.T.W., J.C., E.Y., M.T.S., P.Y.J., P.P.G., J.V.) - all in Massachusetts; the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (F.G.), and the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus (S.H.P.) - both in Denmark; the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (R.R.H.); the Cardiology Department and French National Reference Center for Cardiac Amyloidosis, GRC Amyloid Research Institute and Clinical Investigation Centre 1430 at Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, and IMRB, INSERM, Université Paris Est Creteil, Creteil (T.D.), and INSERM, LTSI UMR 1099, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes (E.D.) - both in France; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City (A.G.-D.); the Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago (N.S.); the Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto (Y.S.), the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume (N.T.), and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto (K.T.) - all in Japan; Westmead Amyloidosis Service, Westmead Hospital, Sydney (M.S.T.); the Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (M.K.), and the 2nd Department of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague (T.P.) - both in Prague, Czech Republic; the Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (W.H.W.T.); Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (W.-C.Y.); Amyloidosis Research & Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia, Pavia (L.O.), the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, and the Cardiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna (I.D.), and the Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.P.) - all in Italy; and Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica-UPC, Hospital Das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto-USP (M.S.), and Instituto do Coração-HCFMUSP (F.F.) - both in São Paulo.
Article Synopsis
- Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) leads to amyloid deposits in the heart, resulting in progressive cardiomyopathy, and patisiran has been developed to reduce the production of transthyretin in the liver.
- In a phase 3 trial, 360 patients with hereditary or wild-type ATTR cardiac amyloidosis received either patisiran or a placebo for 12 months, with various health metrics being assessed.
- Results showed that patients receiving patisiran experienced less decline in the 6-minute walk test and improved health scores compared to the placebo group, although benefits for some secondary outcomes were not significant and adverse reactions were noted.
Triglyceride Lowering with Pemafibrate to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk.
N Engl J Med
November 2022
From the Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Division of Preventive Medicine (A.D.P., R.J.G., J.G.M., E.S.Z., B.M.E., N.P.P., J.E.B., P.M.R) and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (B.M.E.,P.L., P.M.R.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Veteran Affairs Boston Health Care System (A.D.P., J.J.), and Kowa Pharma Development (R.O.) - all in Boston; University of Lille, Lille (J.-C.F.) and the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris Cité University, Paris (P.A.) - both in France; Kowa Research Institute, Morrisville, NC (S.E.C.); the Division of Lipidology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (D.J.B.); Utah Lipid Center, Salt Lake City (E.A.B.); the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (R.H.E.); the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (M.B.E.); the Division of Endocrinology, Universitário Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Belém (J.S.F.), and the Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, and Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (R.D.S.), São Paulo - all in Brazil; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (H.N.G.); Queen Giovanna University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.); Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke (S.I.), the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo (T.K.), and Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba (K.Y.) - all in Japan; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich (W.K.), Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm (W.K.), and Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen (N.M.) - all in Germany; McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON (P.A.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.) - both in Canada; Docencia, Asistencia Médica e Investigación Clínica Medical Institute-Rusculleda Foundation for Research, Córdoba, Argentina (A.J.L.); Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv (B.M.); Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev Gentofte, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (B.G.N.); the Department of Medical Clinical Pharmacology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary (D.P.); the Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London (K.K.R.), and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (H.S.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Russian Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education, Moscow (A.S.); and the Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland (M.T.).
Background: High triglyceride levels are associated with increased cardiovascular risk, but whether reductions in these levels would lower the incidence of cardiovascular events is uncertain. Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator, reduces triglyceride levels and improves other lipid levels.
Methods: In a multinational, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes, mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride level, 200 to 499 mg per deciliter), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels of 40 mg per deciliter or lower to receive pemafibrate (0.
The genetic make-up of an individual contributes to the susceptibility and response to viral infection. Although environmental, clinical and social factors have a role in the chance of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the severity of COVID-19, host genetics may also be important. Identifying host-specific genetic factors may reveal biological mechanisms of therapeutic relevance and clarify causal relationships of modifiable environmental risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes.
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