Cementum has been empirically regarded as an antiresorptive barrier against tooth roots. However, little is known about the factors of homeostasis and resistant mechanisms of tooth roots against resorption. Here, we investigated cementum factors and their interaction against resorption using transgenic mice exhibiting external cervical root resorption (ECRR). Ectopically thickened cervical cementum caused by functional inactivation of ectonucleotide pyrophosphotase/phosphodiesterase 1 (Enpp1) was susceptible to ECRR with aging. In addition, the inactivation of the suppressor of fused (Sufu), a Hedgehog signaling inhibitor, in cementoblasts led to ECRR. Interestingly, concurrent inactivation of Sufu and Enpp1 in cementoblasts remarkably exacerbated ECRR with higher Rankl expression. Cellular and molecular analyses using cementoblasts and bone marrow-derived macrophages indicated that Dickkopf-related protein 1 (Dkk1) induced by the inactivation of Sufu in cementoblasts has roles in the acceleration of ECRR triggered by Enpp1 inactivation. Using compound mutant mice for concurrent Wntless and Enpp1 inactivation, this synergistic cooperation of Dkk1 and Npp1 for resorption found in double mutant Sufu and Enpp1 mice was confirmed by the reproduction of amplified ECRR. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that proper Npp1 function and sustained Wnt activity in the cervical cementum are essential for the homeostasis of tooth roots against resorption in a physiological state.
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Pathol Res Pract
August 2023
Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India. Electronic address:
Cervical carcinoma (CACX) is still a dreadful threat to women in developing countries. Available conventional chemo-radiation therapies are not sufficient to restrict the disease recurrence. To unravel the mechanism of the disease recurrence, alteration of hedgehog self-renewal pathway was evaluated during development of CACX and in chemo-tolerance of the tumor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem J
August 2023
Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, U.S.A.
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, through which the GLI family of transcription factors (TF) is stimulated, is commonly observed in cancer cells. One well-established mechanism of this increased activity is through the inactivation of Suppressor of Fused (SUFU), a negative regulator of the Hh pathway. Relief from negative regulation by SUFU facilitates GLI activity and induction of target gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Physiol
February 2023
Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Jeonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea.
Cementum has been empirically regarded as an antiresorptive barrier against tooth roots. However, little is known about the factors of homeostasis and resistant mechanisms of tooth roots against resorption. Here, we investigated cementum factors and their interaction against resorption using transgenic mice exhibiting external cervical root resorption (ECRR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Sci
April 2022
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine; Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease; Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
To explore the mechanism of the bone anabolic action of p27 deficiency, we first confirmed that osteoblast formation and osteogenesis were significantly increased in p27 deficient mice compared with their wild-type littermates. Microarray analysis of differential gene expression profiles, followed by real-time RT-PCR and Western blots revealed that p27 deletion significantly upregulated the expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Gli1 and 2 and their target gene Bmi1 in bone tissue, and significantly down regulated the expression of the negative regulators of the Shh pathway Sufu, Patched 1 and Gli3 in bone tissue. The Shh antagonist KAAD-cyclopamine or vismodegib significantly reduced osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and osteoblastic bone formation .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancers (Basel)
June 2021
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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