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Sex/gender and socioeconomic differences in modifiable risk factors for dementia. | LitMetric

Sex/gender and socioeconomic differences in modifiable risk factors for dementia.

Sci Rep

Department of Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, Maison Des Sciences Humaines, 11 Porte Des Sciences, L-4366, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.

Published: January 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • - This study explored how sex/gender and socioeconomic factors influence the relationship between modifiable risk factors and the onset of dementia, using data from a large cohort over a decade.
  • - Findings indicated no general sex/gender differences in dementia risk, but women showed a higher risk related to low cognitive activity, while socioeconomic factors like childhood deprivation and lower occupational status were linked to increased dementia risk for both sexes.
  • - The research suggests that addressing broader population-level inequalities may be a more effective strategy for preventing dementia than focusing solely on individual-level interventions.

Article Abstract

Both sex/gender and socioeconomic differences have been reported in the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for dementia. However, it remains unclear whether the associations between modifiable risk factors for dementia and incident dementia differ by sex/gender or socioeconomic status. This study aimed to investigate sex/gender and socioeconomic differences in the associations of modifiable risk factors with incident dementia using a life-course perspective. We used data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2008/2009 to 2018/2019). A total of 8,941 individuals were included [mean (standard deviation) age, 66.1 ± 9.8 years; 4,935 (55.2%) were women]. No overall sex/gender difference in dementia risk was found. Dementia risk was higher among those who experienced childhood deprivation [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.51 (1.17; 1.96)], lower occupational attainment [HR low versus high = 1.60 (1.23; 2.09) and HR medium versus high = 1.53 (1.15; 2.06)], and low wealth [HR low versus high = 1.63 (1.26; 2.12)]. Though different associations were found among the subgroups, there might be a sex/gender difference in dementia risk only for low cognitive activity, suggesting a higher risk for women [HR = 2.61 (1.89; 3.60)] compared to men [HR = 1.73 (1.20; 2.49)]. No consistent socioeconomic differences in modifiable dementia risk were found. A population-based approach that tackles inequalities in dementia risk profiles directly may be more effective than individual approaches in dementia prevention.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9810648PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-27368-4DOI Listing

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