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Clinical and epidemiologic features of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs and cats compiled through national surveillance in the United States. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to understand how SARS-CoV-2 affects companion animals in the US, focusing on clinical and epidemiologic aspects from March 2020 to December 2021.
  • Involved 204 pets (109 cats and 95 dogs) across 33 states with confirmed COVID-19 infections, primarily after being exposed to infected humans.
  • Findings showed that most infections were linked to human exposure, with significant illness duration (15 days for cats, 12 for dogs) and a 10-day gap between human and pet illness onset, highlighting the importance of tracking both species in disease transmission studies.

Article Abstract

Objective: To characterize clinical and epidemiologic features of SARS-CoV-2 in companion animals detected through both passive and active surveillance in the US.

Animals: 204 companion animals (109 cats, 95 dogs) across 33 states with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections between March 2020 and December 2021.

Procedures: Public health officials, animal health officials, and academic researchers investigating zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 transmission events reported clinical, laboratory, and epidemiologic information through a standardized One Health surveillance process developed by the CDC and partners.

Results: Among dogs and cats identified through passive surveillance, 94% (n = 87) had reported exposure to a person with COVID-19 before infection. Clinical signs of illness were present in 74% of pets identified through passive surveillance and 27% of pets identified through active surveillance. Duration of illness in pets averaged 15 days in cats and 12 days in dogs. The average time between human and pet onset of illness was 10 days. Viral nucleic acid was first detected at 3 days after exposure in both cats and dogs. Antibodies were detected starting 5 days after exposure, and titers were highest at 9 days in cats and 14 days in dogs.

Clinical Relevance: Results of the present study supported that cats and dogs primarily become infected with SARS-CoV-2 following exposure to a person with COVID-19, most often their owners. Case investigation and surveillance that include both people and animals are necessary to understand transmission dynamics and viral evolution of zoonotic diseases like SARS-CoV-2.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10038921PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.08.0375DOI Listing

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