AI Article Synopsis
- Understanding the pathophysiology and metabolic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has led to increased interest in multiparametric MRI and PET techniques for research.
- These imaging methods non-invasively detect changes in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is affected by factors like hypoxia and low pH.
- The review emphasizes the importance of combining various imaging techniques to effectively characterize HCC and aid in treatment planning.
Article Abstract
With a better understanding of the pathophysiological and metabolic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), multiparametric and novel functional magnetic resonance (MR) and positron emission tomography (PET) techniques have received wide interest and are increasingly being applied in preclinical and clinical research. These techniques not only allow for non-invasive detection of structural, functional, and metabolic changes in malignant tumor cells but also characterize the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the interactions of malignant tumor cells with the TME, which has hypoxia and low pH, resulting from the Warburg effect and accumulation of metabolites produced by tumor cells and other cellular components. The heterogeneity and complexity of the TME require a combination of images with various parameters and modalities to characterize tumors and guide therapy. This review focuses on the value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and PET/MR in evaluating the structural and functional changes of HCC and in detecting metabolites formed owing to HCC and the TME.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9800006 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1056511 | DOI Listing |
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